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What a Tunnel Construction Award Means for a Contractor’s Revenue and Backlog

A tunnel award may add future work to a contractor’s backlog, but revenue is recognized as the project is performed—not when its full value is announced.
From TheFinanceBase Team4 min to read
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A tunnel award can add future work to a contractor’s backlog, but it does not turn the announced contract value into revenue at once. Revenue is generally recognized as the contractor performs the work; the timing and amount depend on the project’s phase, progress, costs, estimates and any contract changes. Backlog is a company-defined measure, so an award may not qualify for inclusion under every contractor’s policy.

What a construction award means—and what it does not

An award is evidence that a contractor has secured work, subject to the award’s terms and any remaining conditions. If it meets the contractor’s backlog policy, the value of work still to be performed may be added to backlog. That is a forward-looking measure of awarded work, not revenue already earned, cash already received, or guaranteed profit.

Tutor Perini describes backlog as the total value of work remaining on awarded projects. Its policy allows inclusion when the company has an award or definitive written notice and major uncertainty about whether the work will proceed has been resolved; in some cases it can include work before formal contract execution or a notice to proceed. MYR Group uses a stricter threshold for fixed-price work: a customer’s intent to award is not enough without an actual award and a contract establishing specific scope, terms and pricing. See each company’s descriptions in its Tutor Perini 2025 Form 10-K and MYR Group 2025 Form 10-K.

As a result, two contractors can announce similar projects but report different backlog effects, depending on the award’s status and their definitions. Backlog also is not necessarily the same as the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations, a distinction Tutor Perini notes in its filing.

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How an award becomes revenue

For long-term construction work, revenue is recognized as performance occurs rather than simply when a contract is announced or signed. MYR Group describes a cost-to-cost approach: costs incurred to date are compared with estimated total costs to determine the percentage of completion, and that percentage is applied to estimated revenue. This makes reported revenue dependent on both work performed and the estimates used to measure progress.

Changes in project conditions, performance, contract value, settlements or estimated costs to complete can change the amount or timing of recognized revenue and profit. A contract change or a revised cost estimate may therefore affect results even though the original award has not changed in headline value. MYR Group explains its recognition method and estimation factors in its 2025 Form 10-K.

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Design and construction phases can have different revenue profiles

Tutor Perini says newer design-build projects may begin with a design phase lasting six to eighteen months. In that period, revenue and earnings can be smaller; the larger contribution may come during the subsequent multi-year construction phase. The timing is not uniform across projects, and a design-build award’s full value should not be assumed to flow into revenue as soon as it is announced.

Tutor Perini reports that its Civil backlog typically converts to revenue over three to five years, while some large projects last longer. That is a company- and segment-specific typical range, not a promised schedule for every tunnel project or contractor.

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A 2025 example: Tutor Perini’s Manhattan Tunnel award

Tutor Perini reported a $1.18 billion Manhattan Tunnel project award in New York in 2025. In its 2025 Form 10-K, the company reported $20.56 billion of total backlog at December 31, 2025, including $7.43 billion in new awards and contract adjustments during 2025. It recognized $5.54 billion of revenue during that year.

The company also estimated that approximately $6 billion, or approximately 29%, of its backlog at December 31, 2025 would be recognized as revenue in 2026. These figures describe Tutor Perini, not the construction industry as a whole. They show why an individual award, year-end backlog and revenue recognized in a particular year are different measures; the $1.18 billion award should not be treated as $1.18 billion of revenue in 2025.

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How to assess an award or compare contractors

A headline award figure is only a starting point. Check the disclosures behind it before drawing conclusions about the contractor’s future sales or earnings.

  • Confirm what qualifies for backlog. Read whether an intent to award, written notice, signed contract or notice to proceed is required, and note funding, options, protest periods or other conditions.
  • Understand what the announced value covers. Determine whether it is the base contract, total potential value, a contractor’s share of a joint venture, or an amount that includes options or later phases.
  • Follow the backlog roll-forward. Compare opening backlog with new awards and adjustments, revenue recognized, and other additions or removals. A high ending balance alone does not show how much new work was won or performed.
  • Look at conversion timing and phase. Check whether design is underway, when notice to proceed is expected, how quickly work may ramp up, and the anticipated construction duration.
  • Review revenue estimates and execution risks. Examine the progress method, cost-to-complete estimates, claims, change orders and any disclosed revisions or loss contracts. Consider funding, owner decisions, delays, scope changes and cancellation conditions.

Backlog is useful as an indicator of future work, but it is not a promise that all listed work will be performed on schedule or produce a particular level of revenue or profit. Interpret it alongside the company’s inclusion policy, project timing, revenue-recognition disclosures and changes in estimates.

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