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Neither organic nor synthetic fertilizer is automatically better—or cheaper—for every garden. Start with a soil test and your crop’s nutrient needs, then compare products by guaranteed analysis, how quickly their nutrients become available, cost per unit of the nutrient you need, and whether adding organic matter is also a goal. Gardeners can use either source or combine them when the plan calls for it.
What is the difference between organic and synthetic fertilizer?
Plants need nutrients, not a particular label category. Fertilizers supply essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Organic fertilizers are derived from plant or animal materials or byproducts; synthetic fertilizers are manufactured or mineral-derived products. Definitions and product classifications can vary, so read the product label rather than relying on the category name alone. The University of Florida’s UF/IFAS comparison explains these distinctions.
Many organic materials release some nutrients as they decompose and microbes act on them. That process can be gradual, and its pace depends on the material, temperature, and moisture. Many synthetic products supply readily soluble nutrients, but some are formulated for controlled release. So “organic always slow” and “synthetic always fast” are not reliable rules.
How do the costs and benefits compare?
| Factor | Organic fertilizer or amendment | Synthetic fertilizer |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Plant- or animal-derived materials and byproducts; classification can vary. | Manufactured or mineral-derived inputs. |
| Nutrient concentration | Often lower or more variable; some products emphasize only one or two nutrients. Check the guaranteed analysis. | Often more concentrated, with a defined analysis that can be matched to a recommendation. |
| Nutrient availability | May depend on decomposition and microbial activity; timing varies by material and conditions. | Often readily available; controlled-release and stabilized products are exceptions. |
| Soil effects | Suitable materials such as compost can add organic matter and improve soil structure and water retention. | Supplies nutrients but generally does not add organic matter as compost does. |
| Cost | May cost more per unit of available nutrient; product, handling, and transport affect value. | Typically less expensive per pound of nutrient, though current local prices vary. |
| Useful when | You want to use an available organic nutrient source, add organic matter with an appropriate amendment, or supply nutrients gradually where the crop plan permits. | You need a measured nutrient dose, a concentrated product, or more immediate availability; controlled-release choices are also available. |
Compare cost per nutrient, not price per bag
A large or inexpensive bag is not necessarily the better value. Compare what it costs to supply the specific nutrient your soil and crop need, using the product’s guaranteed analysis and the portion expected to become available in the relevant period. Synthetic products are typically less expensive per pound of nutrient, while organic materials may require more product or additional handling. Organic matter and other soil effects can add value that a simple nutrient-price comparison does not capture. There is no current, broadly applicable price figure: local prices change, and no date-stamped, comparable market prices are established here.
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#1 Best Overall
- For more nutritious and tasty vegetables
- Optimum levels of primary plant nutrients
- Contains no GMOs, chicken manure or sewage sludge
- Feeds for several months
- Made with 100% organic and natural ingredients
For context, a USDA Forest Service proceedings report describes a historical trial in which 95% of the nitrogen in synthetically produced ammonium phosphate was released within a few days; two controlled-release synthetic products took about 150 days to release 95%; commercially processed organic wastes released 20% to 60% after 200 days; and municipal composts released about 10% in the same period. These are findings for the materials and trial reported in those proceedings, not universal performance figures or a current product comparison.
Is organic fertilizer better than synthetic?
It depends on what the soil and crop need. Organic materials are useful when the goal includes adding organic matter or using a suitable available organic nutrient source. Synthetic fertilizer can make it easier to supply a measured, concentrated dose. Neither label guarantees a complete nutrient mix, the right timing, or a better result. Match the product to the nutrient recommendation and its release characteristics.
Rank #2
- HOW TO APPLY: To apply, simply shake granules evenly on the soil, mix into the top 1-3 inches of soil in gardens or throughout the soil for potted plants, and water to start feeding
- COVERAGE: Approximately 3/4 - 1 cup of this organic plant food covers 20 sq. ft. of in-ground soil area, or 1 tbsp feeds one 6-inch potted plant
- ALL PURPOSE PLANT FOOD GRANULES: Miracle-Gro Organic All Purpose Plant Food grows healthier, more resilient plants (vs unfed plants, when used as directed)
- FOR OUTDOOR PLANTS: Use these garden fertilizer granules with most outdoor plants, including vegetables, flowers, annuals, and perennials growing in-ground or in containers
- FEEDS UP TO 3 MONTHS: This granular plant food feeds plants for up to 3 months and provides vibrant results in as little as 1 week (vs unfed potted plants)
Also distinguish fertilizer from a soil amendment. Compost can improve soil properties, but it is not interchangeable with every organic fertilizer and may not provide enough nutrients quickly enough for a crop. Iowa State University notes that compost’s nutrients can be released slowly and may be insufficient to meet all plant needs on their own (compost guidance).
Will synthetic fertilizer harm your soil?
Synthetic fertilizer supplies nutrients but generally does not add organic matter in the way compost or another suitable organic amendment does. That difference alone does not mean synthetic fertilizer inevitably degrades soil. Soil condition depends on more than fertilizer category; assess organic matter and soil needs separately from nutrient needs.
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- Package contains 16 Pounds organic all purpose plant fertilizer grains and is produced to avoid wasteful runoff, mess, hazards and smells
- Plant fertilizer is formulated with a 4-4-4 NPK to provide vegetables, plants, and flowers nutrients they need for a high yield and vibrant foliage
- Jobe's organic fertilizer contains no synthetic chemicals and are OMRI listed for organic gardening by the USDA
- Application is simple and should be done every 2-3 weeks or as needed during the growing season
- Jobe's organic fertilizer is easily measured to provide the right amount of nutrients for vegetables, flowers, and plants without over fertilizing
Neither “natural” nor “synthetic” makes overapplication harmless. Excess nutrients from either source can run off or leach and contaminate water. The risk depends on the amount, timing, placement, soil, weather, and management—not just the label. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service describes nutrient management as balancing crop benefits with environmental impacts (nutrient management overview).
How to choose and apply fertilizer
- Test the soil where appropriate. Use results alongside recommendations for the specific crop. A test can identify which nutrients, if any, are needed, helping avoid unnecessary applications.
- Identify the crop’s timing and nutrient needs. A crop needing nutrients promptly may call for a product with suitable availability; a gradual release can fit other plans. Do not assume category alone predicts timing.
- Read the guaranteed analysis. Confirm the product contains the needed nutrient and compare its concentration with the recommendation. “Organic” does not mean complete, balanced, or suitable for every crop.
- Compare cost for the needed nutrient. Account for the analysis and expected availability during the period that matters, not just bag price. Prices vary by product and location.
- Apply only the recommended amount, time, and placement. Follow the label and local recommendations to reduce nutrient loss and avoid unnecessary expense.
For U.S. gardeners, UF/IFAS and other cited guidance offer useful general principles, but crop, soil, state, and product recommendations can differ. Use local guidance for the specific growing situation.
Rank #4
- Produce abundant and vibrant fruit and blooms! This product works by strengthening your plant's roots to increase nutrient uptake… enabling it to bloom and produce like you've never seen!
- Use on all flower / fruit / vegetable producing plants (we've seen amazing results with citrus trees, avocados, raspberries, cantaloupe, roses, petunias, etc… but this formula will work on a wide range of plants)
- Super, super concentrated - A little goes a LONG way (we recommend you dilute at a rate of 1 teaspoon per 2 gallons of water)
- Easy to use - simply dilute with water and pour or spray on your plants with their regular watering routine… repeat every 2-4 weeks
- Formulated especially for late season (late summer / early fall) application… this is exactly what your plants need in the later stages of the growth cycle
Can you use organic and synthetic fertilizer together?
Yes. UF/IFAS notes that organic and inorganic (often called synthetic) sources may be combined to provide nutrients while supporting soil health. This is an option, not a required formula: choose each source for a defined role, such as meeting a measured nutrient need with fertilizer while separately adding compost where organic matter is needed.
Quick Recap
Best Value
- FEED YOUR PLANTS: Burpee's All-Purpose Organic Plant Food is formulated to keep your plants growing and happy throughout the season. Major nutrients as well as calcium, minor nutrients, and some of the beneficial microbes that help keep the soil and plants healthy are released immediately and continue to feed your plants for up to 3 months.
- FOR VEGETABLES, FLOWERS & HERBS: Use this natural plant food for seed starting, bedding plants, vegetable gardens, trees, shrubs and flower containers. OMRI labeled organic. The custom blend promotes plant growth and more blooms! Great for indoor or outdoor plants.
- ORGANIC CERTIFIED: OMRI listed for organic gardening use, this plant food safely keeps your soil and plants as healthy as they can be. Easy to apply granules release essential nutrients and deliver fast-acting results for all types of plants in your home garden. Follow instructions on the bag for how much plant food to apply.
- GREAT FOR CONTAINERS: Use this balanced mix to promote growth of flowers, vegetable and herbs in patio pots and containers. You'll see the difference in plant health, fruit production and vibrancy of blooms. A natural fertilizer for growing your best garden.
- Since 1876: Generations of customers have trusted Burpee to deliver the highest quality products and service. Gardeners rely on Burpee for accurate plant information and how-to tips that make gardening easier and more successful. Let’s grow together!
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
