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To check whether a business in India needs GST registration, assess more than its sales in one state or its turnover from one product. Start with aggregate turnover for the same PAN across India, then check the applicable state and supply-specific threshold, whether the business makes taxable or only exempt/non-taxable supplies, and whether a compulsory-registration rule applies. A general threshold is not a complete answer: Sections 23 and 24 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (CGST Act) provide important exceptions and triggers.
Use this decision process
- Work out aggregate turnover across India for the same PAN. Do not assess only one branch, state, or product line.
- Identify the threshold that applies to the business. The Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) describes more than ₹20 lakh as the general threshold, but state and supply-specific provisions can change the result.
- Check the nature and location of supplies. Consider whether supplies are taxable, wholly exempt or non-taxable, and whether taxable supplies are inter-state.
- Check Sections 23 and 24. Section 23 covers specified persons who are not liable to register; Section 24 identifies categories that may have to register notwithstanding the ordinary threshold, subject to applicable exceptions and notifications.
- If the business is liable, apply in the relevant State or Union territory. Section 25 generally requires an application within 30 days after liability arises, subject to prescribed conditions.
This is a screening method, not a definitive ruling on an unidentified business. The result depends on the business’s facts and the current law and notifications applicable to its state and supplies.
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Keep two questions separate throughout the check: Does the law require this business to register? and Does this business already have an active GST registration? The first calls for a review of turnover, supplies, location, and statutory categories. The second can be checked through the GST Portal’s taxpayer search. A portal result does not answer the first question for a business that has no GSTIN.
What does “aggregate turnover” mean for this check?
Use the business’s PAN-wide activity across India rather than adding up only the sales of the location you are looking at. CBIC’s Sectoral FAQs describe aggregate turnover as assessed for a given PAN across the country when a person carries on business in multiple states. That means a business should not decide that it is below the threshold merely because its turnover in each individual state, branch, or product category is below it.
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First identify the relevant PAN and compile the business’s turnover information across its Indian operations for the relevant financial year. Then confirm how the statutory definition applies to the business’s particular supplies. The CBIC FAQ pages do not show their publication dates, and this article does not substitute for checking the current statute and notifications against a specific set of transactions.
A practical first pass is to make a list of the locations and business activities associated with the PAN, then gather the relevant turnover information from those operations for the financial year being assessed. Do not treat a branch or product line as an isolated business simply because it has separate records or its own sales figure. The point of the PAN-wide check is to avoid missing activity elsewhere in India when evaluating the registration threshold.
After compiling the information, do not assume that every receipt is treated identically. The statutory definition and the character of each supply matter. The materials cited here do not provide a complete turnover-calculation formula or an item-by-item list of inclusions and exclusions. Where an amount or transaction is unclear, check the current CGST Act and applicable rules rather than making an assumption based only on a bookkeeping label.
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Which GST registration threshold should you use?
CBIC’s Sectoral FAQs describe more than ₹20 lakh as the general registration threshold. A separate CBIC GST FAQ refers to ₹10 lakh for special-category states. These figures are not a complete current state-by-state chart, and neither should be treated as a universal cutoff for every business. The FAQ pages do not show publication dates; check the current law and applicable notifications for the business’s state and supply category before relying on a threshold.
| Figure or rule | What the source says | How to use it |
|---|---|---|
| More than ₹20 lakh | CBIC Sectoral FAQs describe this as the general threshold; the FAQ page publication date is not shown. | Use it as a starting point, not a universal answer. Confirm the applicable threshold and whether a compulsory-registration rule applies. |
| ₹10 lakh | CBIC GST FAQs refer to this for special-category states; the FAQ page publication date is not shown. | Do not assume it applies to every such state or business today. Verify the current notification and the business’s supply type. |
| 30 days | CGST Act, Section 25, sets an application period for persons liable under Section 22 or 24, subject to prescribed conditions. | If the business becomes liable, check the date liability arose and the applicable filing requirements. |
There may also be different threshold treatment for certain suppliers exclusively engaged in goods under statutory amendments and government notifications. The cited CBIC material does not establish a complete, current state-by-state or supply-by-supply table. If the business’s state, supplies, or eligibility for a special threshold is not clear, do not choose a figure by assumption.
For a useful comparison, assess the business along separate axes rather than looking for a single table entry: its PAN-wide aggregate turnover; the state or Union territory involved; the nature of its supplies; whether taxable supplies cross state lines; and whether a Section 24 category applies. The threshold question is only one part of that comparison. A business could be below a threshold yet need to examine a compulsory-registration trigger, while another could have significant receipts but fall within a specific Section 23 treatment. These are different legal paths, so a conclusion on one axis does not settle the others.
CBIC’s figures should therefore be read as guidance on general and special-category threshold references, not as a current state-by-state determination. The FAQ pages do not display publication dates, and the available figures do not establish which current notification applies to every state, supplier, or type of goods. Before acting, identify the relevant state and supply category and verify the current provision or notification. If the threshold depends on a condition the business cannot confidently establish, get that condition checked rather than selecting the more convenient figure.
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Does the business make only exempt or non-taxable supplies?
Section 23 of the CGST Act addresses persons who are not liable to registration in specified circumstances. It includes a person exclusively supplying goods or services that are not liable to tax or are wholly exempt, and an agriculturist to the extent of produce from cultivation of land. These provisions mean that a gross-receipts figure alone does not settle every registration question.
Check the actual supplies, not just the business’s label or its main product. If the business makes a mix of exempt and taxable supplies, do not assume the exclusive-supply treatment applies. Confirm how the goods or services are classified and whether any other registration trigger or notification changes the result.
The word exclusively is important when considering the Section 23 treatment described for wholly exempt or non-taxable supplies. A business should not rely on this provision merely because its main activity is exempt if it also makes other supplies. Identify what the business actually supplies and check the tax treatment of each relevant activity. A product description, industry label, or the fact that a particular transaction was not charged with GST is not, on its own, enough to establish that the business qualifies for the treatment.
The agricultural provision is also specific: it addresses an agriculturist in respect of produce from cultivation of land. Do not extend that description to unrelated business activity or assume that every person who handles agricultural goods meets the provision. If the business has other activities alongside cultivation, review those activities separately under the threshold and other registration rules.
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Section 24 lists categories that may be required to register notwithstanding the ordinary threshold in Section 22. The category and the exact statutory conditions matter; a transaction that sounds similar to a listed category does not, by itself, establish liability. Check the current section and relevant notifications for an applicable exception or modification.
- Inter-state taxable supplies: Section 24 includes persons making such supplies, subject to applicable conditions and notified exceptions.
- Casual taxable persons and non-resident taxable persons: These are named categories, with specific statutory treatment.
- Specified reverse-charge cases: Check whether the person and transaction fall within the provision.
- Agents: The section covers specified persons making taxable supplies on behalf of other taxable persons.
- Input service distributors: This is a named registration category.
- Certain e-commerce participants or operators: The applicable rule depends on the person’s role and the relevant statutory provisions or notifications.
- TDS deductors: Persons required to deduct tax at source under the relevant GST provisions are among the categories identified.
Do not read this list as saying that every inter-state sale, online sale, reverse-charge transaction, or agency arrangement automatically creates a registration obligation. The governing rule, conditions, and any notified exception must be checked for the specific case.
For this part of the decision, describe the business’s role precisely. For example, distinguish whether it is making its own taxable supply, acting as an agent for another taxable person, participating in an e-commerce arrangement, or operating the platform. Those labels point to different provisions and do not replace checking the relevant statutory conditions. Likewise, the phrase “reverse charge” is not enough by itself: the relevant person and transaction must fall within a specified case.
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A useful sequence is to scan the listed categories, note any that could plausibly describe the business, and then check the current section and notifications for the exact conditions and exceptions. If none appears relevant, continue to assess the ordinary threshold and Section 23 treatment. If one may apply, do not rely on a below-threshold turnover figure as a complete answer until that category has been reviewed.
How to check whether an existing business is registered
Checking registration status is different from deciding whether registration is legally required. The GST Portal’s Search Taxpayer function allows a public search without logging in. Use the business’s GSTIN or UIN and compare the returned details with the entity you intend to verify.
- Open the official GST Portal and choose the taxpayer search option.
- Enter the GSTIN or UIN, then submit the search.
- Review the legal or trade name, constitution, registration effective date, and principal place of business shown in the result.
- Check the cancellation date, if one is displayed, and the return-filing details available for the taxpayer.
The GST Portal taxpayer-search manual says logged-in users may see additional fields. A search result can help establish what the portal currently displays for a GSTIN or UIN, but it does not determine whether a business without that number should have registered. Confirm that the result corresponds to the correct legal entity and registration before relying on it.
Compare the search result with the entity’s legal or trade name and principal place of business rather than treating a matching name alone as conclusive. The result may show a cancellation date where applicable, so check the status and dates shown rather than assuming that any GSTIN found is active. The public search is useful for verifying displayed taxpayer information; it is not a substitute for the separate liability assessment.
What to do if the business is liable
Under Section 25 of the CGST Act, a person liable under Section 22 or 24 must apply for registration in each State or Union territory where liable, generally within 30 days after becoming liable and subject to prescribed conditions. The GST Portal’s registration guide directs applicants to Services > Registration > New Registration. It identifies PAN as mandatory and asks the applicant to select the relevant State or Union territory.
- Confirm the state or Union territory in which the business is liable and the date liability arose.
- On the GST Portal, go to Services > Registration > New Registration.
- Select the applicable State or Union territory and provide the required applicant details, including PAN.
- Complete the portal’s application steps and retain the reference and registration details provided during the process.
Use the current portal instructions and applicable rules when filing. If the 30-day period, the state of liability, or the relevant registration category is uncertain, resolve that question before assuming that a standard application path covers the case.
The application requirement is tied to becoming liable, so record the date the relevant liability arose and do not treat the 30-day period as a general window that begins whenever the business decides to apply. Section 25 refers to applications in each State or Union territory where the person is liable, subject to prescribed conditions. A business with activity in more than one state should therefore identify each place where liability applies instead of assuming a registration in one location necessarily addresses every state-level obligation.
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The portal guide identifies PAN as mandatory and asks the applicant to select a state or Union territory. Follow the current on-screen application instructions for the remaining details and retain the reference or registration information generated during the filing process. The specific filing requirements can depend on the person’s category and prescribed conditions, so the general portal path should not be taken as a complete answer to an unusual or uncertain case.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Common mistakes when checking GST liability
- Using a single-state sales total: Compare PAN-wide aggregate turnover across India, rather than checking only one state or branch.
- Treating ₹20 lakh as an unconditional cutoff: State and supply-specific rules, exemptions, and Section 24 categories can affect the result.
- Assuming all receipts count the same way: Establish which supplies the business makes and confirm how the statutory turnover and exemption rules apply.
- Assuming exempt status from a product description: Confirm the legal tax treatment of each relevant supply; an activity must meet the conditions for the applicable Section 23 treatment.
- Assuming every online or inter-state transaction triggers registration: Check the exact statutory category, conditions, and notifications rather than relying on a broad label.
- Confusing portal status with legal liability: A taxpayer search verifies displayed registration details; it is not a liability assessment for an unregistered business.
- Relying on an undated FAQ as current law: The cited CBIC FAQ pages do not show publication dates. Verify current provisions and notifications before acting.
Another common mistake is treating “state-specific” as a minor adjustment to an otherwise settled answer. The state or Union territory, supply type, and applicable notification can affect which threshold is relevant, and the cited FAQ figures do not provide a current complete matrix. Similarly, a business should not conclude that it has no obligation simply because it has not received a GSTIN or because its online search returns no registration: status and liability are separate questions.
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Consult a qualified Indian GST practitioner or tax professional if the business operates in more than one state, has a mixture of taxable and exempt supplies, sells through an e-commerce arrangement, has reverse-charge transactions, or cannot confidently identify the applicable threshold. Bring the PAN-wide turnover figures, a description of supplies and where they are made, the states or Union territories involved, and any existing GSTIN or portal search result. Those facts help a professional assess the relevant provisions and notifications rather than applying a single headline figure to the business.
A review is especially useful when more than one decision path is in play: for example, when the threshold depends on the state and supply category while the business also has inter-state taxable supplies, an e-commerce role, or a possible reverse-charge obligation. Ask the professional to explain which facts determine the result and which current provision or notification is being applied. No specific provider or referral service is identified here; the practical next step is to seek a qualified professional if the checklist does not resolve the business’s circumstances.
Sources and scope
The statutory framework described here is in Sections 22–25 of the CGST Act, 2017. Threshold references are from CBIC’s Sectoral FAQs and GST FAQs; application and taxpayer-search steps are from the GST Portal registration guide and taxpayer-search manual. The cited FAQ pages do not show publication dates, and the materials do not establish a complete current state-by-state threshold table. For a decision about a particular business, check the current Act, rules, and notifications that apply to its facts.
The CGST Act, 2017 and the official CBIC and GST Portal pages provide the framework and public-service workflow summarized above. CBIC’s Sectoral FAQs state the general ₹20 lakh reference and note exceptions; CBIC’s GST FAQs refer to ₹10 lakh for special-category states. Their page publication dates are not displayed. These references were accessed in 2026, but the figures should be checked against current statutory provisions and notifications for the business’s state, supplies, and registration category.
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What is the threshold for registration in GST?
CBIC’s Sectoral FAQs describe more than ₹20 lakh as the general threshold and CBIC GST FAQs refer to ₹10 lakh for special-category states. These are not a complete current state-by-state chart or a universal answer. Check the business’s PAN-wide aggregate turnover, state and supply category, current notifications, and any Section 24 trigger.
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Do I need to register under the GST Act?
It depends on the business’s PAN-wide aggregate turnover, where and what it supplies, whether it exclusively makes wholly exempt or non-taxable supplies, and whether a compulsory-registration category under Section 24 applies. A GST Portal search can verify an existing GSTIN or UIN, but does not decide whether an unregistered business should register.
Does turnover in each state get checked separately?
CBIC’s Sectoral FAQs describe aggregate turnover for a given PAN across the country. Do not assess only one branch or state. Then check the applicable state and supply-specific threshold and any other registration trigger.
Does a business making only exempt supplies need to register?
Section 23 addresses a person exclusively supplying goods or services that are not liable to tax or are wholly exempt. The treatment is specific: check the actual supplies and whether the business also makes taxable supplies or falls within another applicable provision.
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Can I check a business’s GST registration without logging in?
Yes. The GST Portal’s Search Taxpayer function supports a pre-login search using a GSTIN or UIN. Review the legal or trade name, constitution, effective registration date, principal place of business, cancellation date where applicable, and available return-filing details. This verifies displayed status, not liability to register.
How long does a liable business have to apply for GST registration?
Section 25 of the CGST Act generally requires a person liable under Section 22 or 24 to apply in each State or Union territory where liable within 30 days after becoming liable, subject to prescribed conditions. The GST Portal registration guide directs applicants to Services > Registration > New Registration.
The Bottom Line
Do not decide from one turnover figure alone. Check PAN-wide aggregate turnover, the state and supply-specific threshold, Section 23 treatment, and every potentially relevant Section 24 category. If liable, Section 25 generally sets a 30-day application period in each relevant State or Union territory. If the facts or applicable notification are unclear, get a qualified Indian GST professional to review them.
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