Cardano has not added issuer controls to every token. CIP-113 is an open, proposed standard for programmable tokens, with a reference implementation available. For tokens built under it, scripts can enforce transfer rules—including verified-holder checks and, in some designs, freezing or seizing tokens. The rules and who can enforce or change them depend on each deployment.
What CIP-113 proposes—and what it does not
CIP-113, “Programmable token-like assets,” is a proposal for a token design in which transfers are subject to programmable rules. The Cardano Improvement Proposals page marks it “Open” and records an update on September 29, 2026; that status does not establish that the standard is finalized or broadly adopted. Cardano’s tokenized-assets explainer likewise describes it as under review. An open-source reference implementation is available, but its existence is not evidence that all Cardano tokens use it.
The distinction is between ordinary native tokens and tokens issued using programmable-token rules. Cardano’s explainer puts the ordinary-token limitation plainly: “An ordinary native token cannot enforce this, because once minted it follows whoever controls the address it sits at.” CIP-113’s proposed model makes a transfer conditional on a successful script check. It is an optional token-level design, not a change that retrofits issuer controls onto every native token.
How programmable-token rules work
In the Cardano Developer Portal’s description, the model uses a shared script address and validation logic for token transfers, minting, and burning, while ownership is tracked by stake credential. A transaction involving the token must satisfy the applicable script checks. The portal says the design does not require a hard fork.
Recommended Free Tools
#1 Best Overall
- EAL5+ CERTIFIED SECURE ELEMENT + FINGERPRINT PROTECTION — Your private keys stay encrypted offline on a certified EAL5+ chip, the same security tier used in EMV bank cards. Built by DCENT, securing crypto since 2018. Fingerprint authentication adds a second layer no PIN-only wallet can match.
- 10,000+ ASSETS NATIVE ON 100+ BLOCKCHAINS — Hold Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, Solana, Cardano, popular stablecoins (USDT, USDC), and NFTs in one wallet. No third-party apps, no fragmented setup — every supported asset works straight out of the box.
- TAP-TO-SIGN MOBILE EXPERIENCE — Pair your wallet with the DCENT mobile app over Bluetooth. Manage tokens, review transactions, and access in-app swap features directly from your phone — no cables, no desktop required.
- WEB3 & dAPP ACCESS VIA METAMASK — Connect to MetaMask and other browser extension wallets to manage NFTs, claim airdrops, and access dApps. A large screen and intuitive 4-button interface keep every transaction clearly visible before you sign.
- SEAMLESS FIRMWARE UPDATES & 30-DAY MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE — Apply security updates without resetting your wallet or migrating funds. Backed by Amazon's 30-day money-back guarantee — your purchase is risk-free.
The checks are determined by the scripts selected for a particular deployment. They may, for example, require a recipient to appear on an allowlist of verified holders or enforce limits on transfers. The standard does not mean every issuer gets the same powers: a token’s registry entry identifies the scripts governing its behavior, and the deployment determines the authority arrangement.
What “freeze and seize” can mean
“Freeze and recover tokens” and “freeze and seize” are possible functions in selected designs, not automatic properties of a Cardano token. A script could allow an authorized party to restrict transfers or take action to recover tokens, but the scope of that authority depends on the specific rules and permissions established for that token.
Rank #2
- Superior Security - Elevate the cold storage safety of your digital assets with Arculus's innovative 3-factor authentication system: biometric lock, 6-digit PIN, and the Arculus metal card with private key encryption for multiple layers of security.
- Effortless Transactions - Simplify your crypto management with the Arculus Cold Storage Wallet and Arculus App, to seamlessly send, swap, or receive assets with a simple tap to your mobile device.
- CC EAL6+ Secure Element Technology – Safeguard your keys on the Arculus Card through robust, certified encryption, protecting against unauthorized access.
- Supports 95% of the Cryptocurrency Market Cap, including Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Tether (USDT), XRP (XRP), and Cardano (ADA), Litecoin (LTC), Polkadot (DOT), and other popular coins.
- Hassle-Free - The Arculus Cold Storage Wallet communicates with your phone using secure tap-to-transact NFC technology. No cords, no connections and no internet required for next-gen levels of security.
Upgrade authority matters too. Cardano’s explainer notes that an upgrade authority can replace shared scripts. Depending on the deployment, control may rest with a key, a multisignature arrangement, a governance mechanism, or another script. A holder should not assume that an issuer—or any other particular party—can freeze assets, seize them, or change the rules without checking the deployment’s authority and upgrade arrangements.
Why regulated issuers may want these controls
For an issuer offering a regulated asset, rules that limit transfers to verified investors can help align token transfers with eligibility requirements. A deployment might also be designed to respond to legal or compliance obligations. These are potential uses of programmable rules, not proof that a token complies with any particular law or that CIP-113 itself provides legal compliance.
The Tool Desk
Outbyte Driver Updater FREEScan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Outbyte PC Repair FREEClear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Rank #3
- EAL5+ CERTIFIED SECURE ELEMENT + FINGERPRINT PROTECTION — Your private keys stay encrypted offline on a certified EAL5+ chip, the same security tier used in EMV bank cards. Built by DCENT, securing crypto since 2018. Fingerprint authentication adds a second layer no PIN-only wallet can match.
- 10,000+ ASSETS NATIVE ON 100+ BLOCKCHAINS — Hold Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, Solana, Cardano, popular stablecoins (USDT, USDC), and NFTs in one wallet. No third-party apps, no fragmented setup — every supported asset works straight out of the box.
- TAP-TO-SIGN MOBILE EXPERIENCE — Pair your wallet with the DCENT mobile app over Bluetooth. Manage tokens, review transactions, and access in-app swap features directly from your phone — no cables, no desktop required.
- WEB3 & dAPP ACCESS VIA METAMASK — Connect to MetaMask and other browser extension wallets to manage NFTs, claim airdrops, and access dApps. A large screen and intuitive 4-button interface keep every transaction clearly visible before you sign.
- SEAMLESS FIRMWARE UPDATES & 30-DAY MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE — Apply security updates without resetting your wallet or migrating funds. Backed by Amazon's 30-day money-back guarantee — your purchase is risk-free.
The same controls can cut against the expectations some holders bring to crypto. Depending on the design, an authority might block transfers, freeze tokens, or alter the scripts that govern them. That makes the identity and scope of the authority part of the asset’s practical risk—not a technical footnote.
Why DeFi applications may resist restricted tokens
DeFi applications generally need to be able to receive, hold, and transfer the assets they support. A token that requires verification, imposes transfer limits, or blocks certain movements may not work with every wallet, pool, or other application a holder expects to use. Even when an application can technically handle the token, its rules may conflict with the application’s assumptions about open transfers.
Rank #4
![[Copper Edition] Safe Seed Crypto Metal Wallet Stamp Plate - 12-25 Words Recovery Passphrase Cold Storage Bitcoin Ethereum BNB Cardano Solana ERC20 BIP39 Hardware Wallet Cryptocurrency](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/31PPCrul7aL._SL160_.jpg)
- 【Safe & Secure】By manually stamping or engraving your backup recovery passphrase into this Copper plate, you can ensure your cryptocurrency wallet remains safe and secure.
- 【Crypto Wallet Copper Edition】Protect your cryptocurrency with the copper metal plate, laser engraved crypto seed phrase storage. To secure your passphrase you’ll need a hammer and a letter punch set (5/32”, 4mm or smaller) or a hand etching tool.
- 【Heavy Duty】This corrosion-resistant thick copper plate is designed to last forever while remaining malleable, to easily stamp and etch your passphrase.
- 【Protect Passphrase】Backup your 12-25 word passphrase into this sturdy copper plate to securely protect your investment. Compatible with Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and all other cryptocurrencies.
- 【Fortified Crypto Cold Storage Wallet】 Safe Seed cold storage wallet is built to be both fire and water-resistant with a 2000 °F melting point. Compatible with all software and all hardware wallets.
That is a composability tradeoff: issuer controls can make a token more suitable for a restricted or regulated use, while limiting where and how it can move. CIP-113 does not establish that every DeFi application will support programmable tokens. Compatibility needs to be checked for the specific token and application.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What to check before holding or integrating one
Do not infer a token’s control model from the Cardano network or the CIP number alone. Review the particular token’s registry information and deployment documentation, and confirm the details that affect your intended use:
Best Value
- Simply & securely take control of your digital assets and identity with the all-in-one Ledger Wallet crypto app and Ledger Flex touchscreen signer.
- Digital asset control at your fingertips: manage 15,000+ crypto across multiple chains. Earn rewards. Top up & share with ease. Explore DeFi with confidence. Collect and showcase NFTs. Make informed choices with clarity.
- Connect effortlessly with Ledger Wallet: pair your secure Ledger signer with the all in one Ledger Wallet crypto app to manage thousands of digital assets across multiple devices and accounts with Ledger Sync from a single, secure dashboard.
- Cutting-edge design: monitor the market, compare rates, and Clear Sign transactions on the secure, high resolution, 2.8'' E Ink touchscreen.
- This is what security feels like: Ledger touchscreen signers all come with a private, offline, PIN-protected backup, Ledger Recovery Key, to never lose access to your assets.
- Transfer rules: What checks apply to transfers, minting, and burning? Are there allowlists, limits, or other restrictions?
- Holder verification: Must a holder or recipient be verified, and who decides whether they qualify?
- Freeze or seizure authority: Does the deployment permit these actions, and which key, multisignature group, governance process, or script can invoke them?
- Upgrade authority: Who can replace or modify the shared scripts, and what process or permissions govern that change?
- Application compatibility: Can the wallets and DeFi applications you intend to use handle the token and its transfer conditions?
Cardano’s governance accountability materials may help explain governance concepts, but the relevant authority for a programmable token is the arrangement specified by that token’s deployment.
Quick Recap
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
