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Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Bitcoin Core has two settings people often confuse: -walletrbf controls whether the wallet signals that its transactions may be replaced, while -mempoolfullrbf historically controlled whether a node accepted replacements even without that signal. The second option is gone in Bitcoin Core 29.0; in Bitcoin Core 31.0, replacement validation also changed. Check your installed version before following older configuration advice.
What do Bitcoin Core’s replacement settings control?
They govern different parts of transaction handling. A wallet can mark a transaction as replaceable; a node separately applies policy to decide whether to accept or relay a replacement. Neither setting guarantees that a replacement will reach miners or be confirmed.
| Setting or feature | What it controls | Current context |
|---|---|---|
-walletrbf |
Whether wallet-created transactions signal opt-in replaceability. | Bitcoin Core 24.0.1 changed its default to true. The setting concerns wallet transaction creation, not other nodes’ acceptance policy. Bitcoin Core 24.0.1 release notes |
-mempoolfullrbf |
Historically, whether a node accepted replacements without BIP125 signaling. | Defaulted to 1 in Bitcoin Core 28.0 and was removed in 29.0, when full-RBF became standard behavior. It is not a current option to set. Bitcoin Core 28.0 release notes; Bitcoin Core 29.0 release notes |
The older -mempoolreplacement option is different: it was used to disable replacement policy and was removed in Bitcoin Core 0.19. It should not be confused with the wallet’s -walletrbf. Bitcoin Core 28.0 release notes
What is opt-in RBF?
Opt-in replace-by-fee (RBF) is a signal that a transaction may be replaced by another version, typically one that pays a higher fee. Under BIP125, a transaction explicitly signals replaceability when an input uses a sequence number below 0xffffffff - 1. A transaction can also inherit replaceability from an unconfirmed ancestor. This is a policy signal, not a guarantee that every node will relay a replacement. BIP 125
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Should you change a setting to make a transaction replaceable?
If you want the option to raise a wallet transaction’s fee after broadcast, use the wallet workflow that marks it replaceable. Bitcoin Core’s 31.0 send RPC documents an optional replaceable boolean for marking a transaction as BIP125-replaceable. Which control is available depends on how you create the transaction and on your installed version. Bitcoin Core 31.0 send RPC
For a transaction that is already unconfirmed, Bitcoin Core’s 31.0 psbtbumpfee RPC can create a PSBT to increase its fee. The replacement must pay an additional relay fee; the RPC also documents a replaceable option for BIP125 signaling. An unconfirmed ancestor can affect practical replaceability even when explicit signaling is disabled. Consult the documentation for your installed version and use the wallet’s fee-bump feature rather than relying on a universal fee-rate number. Bitcoin Core 31.0 psbtbumpfee RPC
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RBF can improve a transaction’s chance of being included by allowing a higher fee, but it does not promise faster confirmation. Nodes apply their own mempool policies, and miners choose which transactions to include. Bitcoin Core opt-in RBF FAQ
Does Bitcoin Core 31.0 change replacement rules?
Yes. Bitcoin Core 31.0 introduced cluster mempool and updated replacement validation. Its release notes say a replacement is accepted only if the resulting mempool’s feerate diagram is strictly better than before. For a singleton transaction, the described rule is satisfied when the replacement has both a higher fee and a higher feerate than the original. Do not treat older summaries of BIP125 limits as a complete account of current Bitcoin Core policy. Bitcoin Core 31.0 release notes
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What should recipients know about replaceable payments?
An unconfirmed payment is not final merely because it was the first version a node saw. Bitcoin Core’s 24.0.1 release notes state: “The Bitcoin Protocol does not, and cannot, provide any assurance that the first version of an unconfirmed transaction seen by a particular node will be the version that gets confirmed.” Bitcoin Core 24.0.1 release notes
BIP125 advises recipients to treat opt-in transactions with suspicion or wait for confirmation. This is not a risk unique to RBF: first-seen status alone does not make an unconfirmed payment final. A recipient’s confirmation policy should reflect the payment’s value and their tolerance for settlement risk. BIP 125
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How to decide what to do
- Identify your Bitcoin Core version. Advice about
-mempoolfullrbfis obsolete for version 29.0 and later because the option was removed. - If creating a transaction, choose a wallet option that signals replaceability if you may want to bump the fee later; the control depends on your wallet workflow.
- If a transaction is already unconfirmed, use your wallet’s fee-bump function and the RPC documentation matching your version.
- If you accept payments, decide whether to wait for confirmation based on the transaction’s risk and your confirmation policy, not on which version you first saw.
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