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Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →An order showing as submitted or pending in a trading app has not necessarily traded. A fill depends on the order’s price conditions, timing, quantity and qualifiers, as well as routing and available shares. Check the order’s detailed status before changing or resubmitting it; submitting a duplicate can create an unintended second trade.
This guide covers U.S. stock orders. Order types, app labels and handling can differ by brokerage, asset and jurisdiction.
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Why is my order still pending?
Placing an order sends an instruction to your broker; it does not guarantee execution. The broker routes it to a market or another execution venue, and the price may change while that happens. The SEC says there is no regulatory requirement that an order execute within a set time. A submitted or pending label therefore is not proof that shares have traded. Investor.gov explains how common order types work, and its guidance cautions that execution time is not guaranteed.
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Why didn’t my limit order fill?
A limit order sets the worst price you will accept, not a price at which execution is guaranteed. A buy limit can execute at the limit price or lower; a sell limit can execute at the limit price or higher. If the market does not meet that condition while the order is active, it can remain open or expire. As Investor.gov puts it: “A limit order can only be filled if the stock’s market price reaches the limit price.”
Compare the order’s limit with the market and verify the active session and order duration. A chart showing that a price touched your limit does not prove your order was executable: quotes and trades do not guarantee that shares were available for your order at that price, or that your order was reached for execution. Do not assume a chart touch means a fill.
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What happens with stop and stop-limit orders?
A stop order has two stages: it waits for its trigger price, then becomes a market order. Because the resulting market order does not guarantee a price, the execution price may differ from the stop price.
A stop-limit order also waits for a trigger, but then becomes a limit order. It may trigger without filling if the market does not meet its limit condition. Check the order details to identify the stop trigger and the separate limit price; do not treat the trigger as an execution price.
How time in force and qualifiers affect a fill
The duration and qualifiers determine how long an order can work and whether it can fill partially. Names and availability vary by brokerage. FINRA’s Trading Terms: Time Parameters and Qualifiers on Stock Orders was updated July 17, 2024.
| Instruction | What it generally means | Why it may not fill as expected |
|---|---|---|
| Day | Generally active for that trading day. | If the conditions are not met before the session ends, the order generally expires. |
| GTC (good ’til canceled) | Can remain active beyond the day, subject to the broker’s expiration limit. | “GTC” does not necessarily mean the order remains open indefinitely; expiration rules vary. |
| IOC (immediate-or-cancel) | Executes any amount available immediately and cancels the remainder. | Only the immediately available portion may fill. |
| FOK (fill-or-kill) | Executes immediately in full or cancels the entire order. | If the whole amount is not immediately available, none of it fills. |
| AON (all-or-none) | Prevents a partial fill; unlike FOK, it may remain active. | The full quantity must be available for execution under the order’s conditions. |
| On-open / on-close | Designates an order for the market open or close, subject to the broker’s rules. | It may not be intended to work throughout the regular session; check the app’s order details and broker explanation. |
Minimum-quantity and other qualifiers can also restrict execution. Extended-hours trading may not be enabled for an order, even if the app displays prices outside regular hours. Confirm whether the order is eligible for the session in which you expect it to work.
What to check in the app before changing an order
- Confirm the basic instruction. Check the security, buy or sell side, share quantity and order type. A mismatch here can make an otherwise valid order behave differently from what you intended.
- Review price conditions. For a limit or stop-limit order, compare the limit with the market. For a stop or stop-limit, check which price or event triggers the order and distinguish that trigger from the limit price.
- Check duration and qualifiers. Look for day, GTC, IOC, FOK, AON, on-open/on-close, minimum-quantity restrictions and any other condition. Confirm that the order is intended to work during the current session.
- Open the detailed order status. Look for whether it is open, partially filled, filled, rejected, expired or canceled, and read any reason shown. Status labels and their meanings are brokerage-specific; check the broker’s help material or contact support if the label is unclear.
- Verify execution before resubmitting or canceling. Check the order detail and trade activity to see whether any shares executed. Do not assume there was no fill because the app still looks pending. If you request cancellation, wait for the broker to confirm it succeeded: an order may execute before the cancellation takes effect.
Choosing between price control and execution likelihood
No order type guarantees both a particular price and execution. A market order generally prioritizes execution but leaves the price uncertain; a limit order controls the worst acceptable price but may not execute. Stop orders add a trigger, and stop-limit orders add a price constraint after that trigger. The appropriate tradeoff depends on what you want the instruction to do, not on an assurance that changing order types will produce a fill.
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