If a debt collector contacts you and you do not recognize the debt, dispute the amount, or need the original creditor’s details, you can respond in writing using the instructions on the collector’s validation notice. The CFPB offers free sample letters and a model validation notice; adapt any sample to your situation, and use the deadline and response channel on your own notice.
Choose the letter that matches your reason for responding
The CFPB’s free sample letters cover common situations, including “I do not owe this debt” and “I need more information about this debt.” A dispute can concern the whole debt or only part of it.
| What you want to do | What to say |
|---|---|
| Dispute that the debt is yours | State that you dispute the debt because you do not believe you owe it. Briefly identify the reason, if you know it. |
| Dispute the amount | State that you dispute the amount and identify the part or calculation you believe is wrong. |
| Dispute for another reason | Describe the issue briefly, such as that you already paid the debt. |
| Request the original creditor’s information | Ask for the name and address of the original creditor if you need those details. |
A request to stop contact is a different request; it is not a substitute for disputing a debt or asking for information. The CFPB explains the separate process for asking a collector to stop contacting you.
Sample debt validation letter
Use the collector’s address or electronic response channel and the account details shown on your notice. Replace the bracketed text with your information and delete any option that does not apply.
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[Date]
[Debt collector name]
[Address or response channel shown on the validation notice]
Re: [Account or reference number]
Dear [Debt collector name]:
I am responding to your debt validation notice about the account identified above. I dispute [the debt / the amount of $___ / the following part of the debt: ___] because [briefly explain your reason, if known].
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[If you need this information: Please provide the name and address of the original creditor.]
Please send your response to me at [mailing address or other appropriate contact information].
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Sincerely,
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Do not include sensitive information such as a full Social Security number unless you have a clear reason and a safe way to provide it. The CFPB’s sample letters are examples, not legal advice or a required form.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Find the deadline and response method on your notice
Your validation notice should identify the debt collector, creditor and debt; provide an itemization and current amount; explain ways to respond; and state the end date of the validation period, subject to the regulation’s details and exceptions. Regulation F defines the period as ending 30 days after the consumer receives or is assumed to receive the validation information. The CFPB’s consumer guidance says, “Once you receive the debt validation information, you have 30 days to dispute the debt in writing.” Use the end date and response method shown on your notice rather than counting from an earlier call or assuming every notice has the same delivery circumstances.
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Federal requirements apply to covered debt collectors. The CFPB says use of its model validation notice is optional, so notices may not all look identical. See the CFPB’s overview of validation information, Regulation F, § 1006.34, and Debt Collection Rule FAQs.
Send and keep a clear record
- Read the notice for the response deadline, permitted response channel, and collector contact information.
- State what you dispute—or what original-creditor information you request—and identify the account using the details available to you.
- Send the letter through a response channel listed on the notice, before its stated end date.
- Keep a copy of the notice and your letter, along with records of what you sent and any reply you receive.
What a timely dispute does—and does not do
A written dispute sent within the validation period generally requires the collector to pause collection of the disputed amount until it provides verification. A timely request for the original creditor’s name and address also triggers a pause until the collector provides that information. The pause does not cancel the debt or establish that it is invalid; it applies to the disputed amount until the required response, and other rules or circumstances may matter.
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A letter does not automatically stop all contact forever, extend other legal deadlines, or resolve state-law questions. If you have been sued, face an unfamiliar deadline, or need advice about your specific rights, consider speaking with a qualified attorney. The CFPB’s sample letters are free starting points, not legal advice.
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