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Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Opera has accused Microsoft of using Windows to advantage its own browsers over rivals—but the accusations concern two separate cases, in different jurisdictions, nearly two decades apart. The European Union complaint focused on Internet Explorer and Windows; a 2025 complaint in Brazil targets Edge’s prominence and how Windows reaches PC makers and users. The European Commission’s 2009 action was preliminary, and the available reporting on Brazil establishes an investigation, not a finding that Microsoft broke the law.
Did Microsoft bundle Internet Explorer with Windows?
Opera said it did. On December 13, 2007, the browser company announced that it had complained to the European Commission, alleging Microsoft tied Internet Explorer to Windows and failed to follow accepted web standards. Those were Opera’s claims, not findings established by the complaint itself. Opera’s 2007 announcement set out the allegations.
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The concern was that Windows’ distribution could give Internet Explorer an advantage over competing browsers. Opera also argued that the standards issue mattered because websites built to work across browsers could instead work differently or poorly. The complaint asked European authorities to address the alleged conduct; it did not itself prove that Microsoft had violated competition law.
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In January 2009, the Commission issued a Statement of Objections concerning Internet Explorer and Windows. That document expressed the Commission’s preliminary view; it was not a final ruling that Microsoft had infringed the law. Opera’s contemporaneous account described the Commission’s preliminary position as an accusation of illegal tying.
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Microsoft emphasized the procedural distinction in its response: “the European Commission will not make a final determination until after it receives and assesses Microsoft’s response and conducts the hearing, should Microsoft request one.” That was Microsoft describing the stage of the proceeding, not a statement from the Commission. The Commission’s January 2009 announcement and Microsoft’s response document the exchange.
What happened after Opera complained?
Opera’s retrospective says that in December 2009 the Commission accepted Microsoft’s commitment to provide a browser choice screen and closed the investigation. That was the reported procedural outcome and remedy; it was not a court judgment on Opera’s complaint. Opera’s later account describes the commitment and closure.
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What did Opera accuse Microsoft of doing to promote Edge?
In July 2025, Opera announced a separate complaint to Brazil’s competition authority, CADE. Opera alleged that Windows made Edge the exclusively pre-installed and default browser on devices, that Microsoft incentivized major PC manufacturers, and that its practices confused users or made rival browsers more difficult to access. These descriptions are Opera’s allegations, not established facts or a regulator’s legal conclusion. Opera’s complaint announcement outlines them.
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What is the Jumpstart program?
A February 2026 report by PC Gamer said CADE had opened an investigation after Opera’s complaint and was examining Microsoft’s Jumpstart program. Opera and the Browser Choice Alliance allege that Jumpstart pushes manufacturers toward preinstalling Edge. Opera General Counsel Aaron McParlan characterized the broader dispute by saying, “Microsoft thwarts browser competition on Windows at every turn.” That is an interested party’s view, not CADE’s finding. PC Gamer’s February 2026 report describes the reported investigation and the allegation about Jumpstart.
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An opened investigation means the authority is examining the matter; it does not establish liability. The cited reporting does not establish the case’s later status or outcome through October 4, 2026, and it provides no CADE finding that Microsoft infringed competition law.
Are the European and Brazilian complaints the same case?
No. They concern different browsers, conduct, authorities and procedural stages.
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| Issue | European Union | Brazil |
|---|---|---|
| Browser and period | Internet Explorer; complaint announced in December 2007 | Edge; complaint announced in July 2025 |
| Alleged conduct | Opera alleged that Internet Explorer was tied to Windows and that Microsoft failed to follow accepted web standards | Opera alleged that Windows defaults and distribution favored Edge and made alternatives harder to choose or use; the complaint also raised manufacturer incentives |
| Authority and known procedural stage | European Commission issued a preliminary Statement of Objections in January 2009; Opera says the investigation closed after a browser-choice commitment in December 2009 | CADE was reported to have opened an investigation by February 2026; the cited source establishes no final finding |
The EU episode reached a reported commitment and closure after a preliminary Commission position. The Brazil episode, as established by the cited reporting, had reached an investigation stage. Treating one as the outcome of the other would confuse two separate proceedings.
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How does the separate 2026 EU Edge case fit in?
Opera Norway v Commission concerns the European Commission’s decision not to designate Edge as a gatekeeper under the Digital Markets Act (DMA). It is a distinct legal track from Opera’s 2007 Internet Explorer complaint and its 2025 complaint to CADE. It should not be treated as a continuation of either case or as evidence of the outcome of the Brazilian investigation. The court document concerns the DMA gatekeeper designation dispute.
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- Work at the speed of your ideas – Built with the latest Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite (12 Core) processors, Surface Laptop delivers fast, AI‑accelerated performance—making it the most powerful Surface laptop for everything from multitasking to demanding workloads.
- The ports you need – Charge on-the-go, transfer data fast, or create the ultimate desktop set up with two USB-C / USB4[4] ports.
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Why is the older U.S. browser case relevant?
The U.S. government’s 1998 proposed findings in United States v. Microsoft provide background to the longer history of disputes over browser competition and Windows. They describe the government’s account of Microsoft’s efforts to blunt what it saw as a browser threat to its operating-system position. That history helps explain why later browser complaints drew attention, but it is not proof of Opera’s allegations in Europe or Brazil. The Department of Justice’s proposed findings are a historical source, not a ruling on either Opera complaint.
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