On May 21, 2020, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative announced new China market-access measures under the Phase One trade agreement. The changes covered specified U.S. agricultural products and updates to lists of eligible facilities. They are historical announcements—not a blanket or current authorization to ship. Today, eligibility must be checked for the particular product, facility, shipment and Chinese import requirements.
Which U.S. agricultural products can be exported to China?
There is no single answer that applies to every U.S. product or exporter. China’s rules depend on the commodity and its form, the intended use, the production origin and period, the facility, and any required certificates, registrations, permits or import licenses. The USDA’s April 2026 China certificate report says requirements can change and final import approval is subject to Chinese rules as applied by border officials. Treat the May 2020 announcement below as a record of access changes at that time, not proof that a shipment is eligible now.
What products became eligible for export to China in 2020?
The Phase One agreement entered into force on February 14, 2020. In its May 21 announcement, USDA reported that China had enabled or expanded access for these products and forms:
- U.S. barley for processing.
- Timothy hay.
- Alfalfa hay pellets and cubes.
- Almond meal pellets and cubes.
- U.S. blueberries.
- California Hass avocados.
The announcement also discussed dairy permeate powder for human consumption, but with an important qualification: China had published a new standard on May 15, 2020, that would allow more U.S. imports in the future. That wording did not establish that every such product could ship immediately. The announcement is reported by Successful Farming.
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Why these products mattered to the announcement
USDA cited Chinese import figures for 2019 to describe the market opportunity: $1.5 billion in barley used as animal feed and malt-beverage input, a record $500 million in forage imports, nearly $12 billion in dairy imports from around the world, and more than $8.6 billion in fresh-fruit and vegetable imports. These are historical, category-level import figures—not estimates of U.S. sales created by the 2020 changes. The available figures do not establish the value of exports enabled by each individual product change.
Are U.S. blueberries and avocados eligible for export to China?
The May 2020 announcement identified U.S. blueberries and California Hass avocados as newly eligible at that time. It does not establish their present-day shipment status or settle requirements for every exporter, growing area, packing facility or consignment. A current exporter should confirm the applicable fruit requirements and approved facility status with the Chinese importer and the relevant U.S. authority before arranging a shipment.
Does an eligible product mean my facility can ship it?
No. Product access and facility approval are separate checks. China’s overseas-facility registration rules may apply, and some U.S. meat and poultry shipments also require that the producing, processing or storage establishment appear on the FSIS eligible plant list. A certificate or other shipment-specific documentation may be required, and Chinese officials make the final entry decision under Chinese rules.
The May 2020 report also listed historical facility totals: 499 beef facilities, 457 pork facilities, 470 poultry facilities, 397 seafood facilities, 253 dairy facilities and nine infant-formula facilities. These counts describe the lists reported in 2020; they are not current approval counts. The figures were reported by Successful Farming from the USDA announcement.
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Meat and poultry have additional conditions
For U.S. beef, USDA Agricultural Marketing Service says China-specific restrictions were removed effective March 17, 2020, but current FSIS export requirements and certificates still apply. FSIS’s China export library identifies eligible and ineligible product categories and requires establishments to appear on the eligible plant list before producing, processing or storing eligible meat and poultry for China.
For poultry, the APHIS China export page explains that animal-health restrictions can depend on origin and other circumstances. Poultry products heat-treated to FSIS processing requirements are eligible regardless of production date; other poultry products may face restrictions tied to affected origins, processing, storage or transit. The 2020 access announcement therefore should not be read as saying all U.S. poultry is unrestricted.
How do I check whether a U.S. facility is approved to export to China?
Start with the exact commodity and shipment, then verify each applicable requirement rather than relying on an old announcement or a general list of eligible products.
- Identify the product precisely. Confirm its commodity, form, intended use, origin and production period. Requirements can differ for a processed product, feed ingredient, fresh commodity, or animal product.
- Ask the Chinese importer to confirm the current import conditions. Have the importer verify the relevant Chinese registration, permit, licensing and entry requirements for that product and destination.
- Check U.S. facility and certificate requirements. Use the relevant USDA or FSIS export guidance. For meat and poultry, confirm the establishment is on FSIS’s China eligible plant list and identify the required export certificate.
- Confirm registration and documentation status. The USDA’s April 2026 China certificate report describes China’s 2025 overseas-facility registration catalog and notes relevant groups that include grains, oil crops and beans; plant-derived feed, including forage grass; and fresh fruits and vegetables. It also discusses certificate and registration requirements.
- Check importer-side licenses where applicable. The same report says China’s automatic import license catalog includes categories such as beef, pork, milk and milk powder, barley, sorghum, soybeans, rapeseed, sugar, distillers dried grains, soybean meal, broiler and vegetable oil. This license is a requirement on the Chinese importer or trader; it is not the same as U.S. facility eligibility.
- Reconfirm before the shipment moves. Rules and lists can change, and final entry depends on Chinese requirements as interpreted by border officials. Resolve any mismatch among the product specification, facility listing, certificate and importer’s permits before shipping.
What has changed in the broader trade picture since 2020?
The 2020 announcement reflected the Phase One implementation period, not a guarantee of continuing or unrestricted trade. As a separate, later indicator, USDA’s Economic Research Service reports that U.S. agricultural exports to China fell 66 percent from 2024 to $8.4 billion in 2025, associating the decline with reciprocal tariffs and lower demand for U.S. soybeans. That figure describes a later change in overall exports; it does not measure the effect of the 2020 product-eligibility announcements.
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