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Repair common Windows errors and clear accumulated junk for a smoother, more stable PC - no reinstall needed.Free scan · no reinstallOn May 30, 2025, Iowa landowners urged Gov. Kim Reynolds to sign HF 639, a bill that included limits on eminent-domain authority for carbon dioxide pipelines. Reynolds vetoed the measure on June 11. A separate, narrower proposal, HF 2104, passed the Iowa House in January 2026, but the Iowa Legislature’s bill history checked October 8, 2026, did not show it enacted.
What Iowa landowners asked Reynolds to do in 2025
The May 30, 2025, appeal concerned HF 639, a broad hazardous-liquid pipeline bill—not the later HF 2104. The advocacy push focused on the proposed Summit Carbon Solutions pipeline system. Iowa Capital Dispatch described the project as connecting nearly 60 ethanol plants across Iowa and surrounding states to underground storage in North Dakota. Iowa Capital Dispatch’s May 30 report is available here; its page could not be opened for full-text verification, so that project description is limited to the indexed report.
Landowners and other supporters argued that eminent-domain authority gives a pipeline company leverage in private easement negotiations. Their stated aim was to let an individual landowner refuse an easement while allowing a company to build a route through voluntary agreements. Legislative comments included requests to “vote yes on HF2104” and calls for “no eminent domain for carbon dioxide pipelines.” Those comments record advocates’ positions, not a representative survey of Iowa opinion.
HF 639 was broader than a CO₂ eminent-domain restriction
HF 639 covered hazardous-liquid pipelines more broadly and included multiple regulatory changes. Iowa Public Radio reported on Reynolds’s June 11, 2025, veto and the legislation’s scope in its account of the veto.
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- Eminent domain: The bill addressed the authority associated with carbon sequestration pipelines. Iowa Capital Dispatch’s indexed account described a requirement that sequestration projects prove they were common carriers to use eminent domain.
- Insurance and permits: The bill included insurance requirements and a 25-year limit for CO₂ pipeline permits.
- Regulatory proceedings: It changed procedures and standards for Iowa Utilities Commission proceedings involving hazardous-liquid pipelines.
Reynolds said these provisions could affect pipelines that relied entirely on voluntary easements, as well as oil, gas and fertilizer infrastructure. She also argued the measure could weaken Iowa’s position in biofuels and carbon-capture development. Those are the governor’s stated concerns, not established outcomes.
Why Reynolds vetoed HF 639
In her June 11, 2025, veto letter, Reynolds said the bill’s effects reached beyond its intended target. She wrote: “Those who crafted the bill said they don’t want to stop CO2 pipelines that rely entirely on voluntary agreements. But that is exactly what the bill does. For that reason alone, I cannot sign it.”
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The letter also stated: “While I share the bill’s goal of protecting landowners, good policy should draw clear, careful lines.” The letter documents her reasoning; it does not settle the policy questions about public use, safety, landowner bargaining power or economic effects.
For safety context, the veto letter relayed a statement from the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA): it oversees roughly 5,300 miles of CO₂ pipelines and reported one serious incident and no fatalities in the preceding 20 years. This is a statement attributed to PHMSA in correspondence enclosed with the governor’s letter, not an independent risk assessment of a particular proposed route.
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How HF 2104 differed from the vetoed bill
HF 2104 was a separate 2026 proposal specifically addressing eminent domain for carbon oxide pipelines. It passed the Iowa House 64–28 on January 21, 2026, and proceeded to the Senate. The Iowa Legislature’s HF 2104 bill history, checked October 8, 2026, did not show enactment. It should therefore be described as House-passed, not as a law.
Supporters said HF 2104 would let landowners say no to a carbon pipeline easement without the threat of eminent domain while preserving routes negotiated voluntarily. That describes the proponents’ intended effect; it does not establish how a final law would have operated, because the bill was not shown as enacted in the checked record.
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HF 2104 and SF 2067 were not the same proposal
SF 2067 was a separate Senate proposal concerning easements and eminent-domain authorization for hazardous-liquid pipelines. Its subject was broader than HF 2104’s focus on carbon oxide pipelines. Public comments on SF 2067 reflected advocates’ positions and should not be treated as neutral assessments of either measure. The Iowa Legislature’s SF 2067 bill history records that proposal separately.
The central policy disagreement is whether and under what conditions a pipeline can qualify for eminent domain, how easement negotiations should protect landowners, and whether restrictions on CO₂ pipelines could affect other infrastructure or agricultural investment. HF 639 combined pipeline authority with insurance, permit-duration and regulatory-process provisions; HF 2104 addressed eminent domain for carbon oxide pipelines; SF 2067 addressed a separate set of hazardous-liquid pipeline easement and authorization questions.
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