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You can get public-market exposure to quantum computing by buying shares in listed companies or shares in funds with a quantum-related theme. Individual stocks give you a concentrated stake in particular businesses; a fund may spread exposure across quantum developers, large technology companies and suppliers. The label “quantum” alone does not reveal how much of a fund is actually invested in dedicated quantum companies, so check its holdings, mandate, costs and risks before investing.
The U.S.-listed companies and funds below are examples, not a ranking or a recommendation. Listings, tickers, holdings and financial information can change. The latest issuer filings and fund documents are the appropriate place to verify current details.
Choose between individual stocks and a thematic fund
The first decision is how directly you want your investment tied to quantum computing—and how much company-specific risk you are willing to take.
- Individual shares: You choose a company and take on its technology, commercial, financing and valuation risks. A company may combine quantum computing with other offerings, but a small number of businesses currently provide relatively direct public-market exposure.
- Thematic funds: An exchange-traded fund (ETF) can hold several dedicated quantum businesses alongside larger technology companies or suppliers of enabling technology. That can broaden exposure, but the fund’s name does not guarantee a concentrated portfolio of quantum specialists. Holdings and index or investment methodology matter.
Neither route removes the risk that expectations for the sector may run ahead of commercial results. A fund can reduce dependence on any one holding, but it does not make an early-stage or narrowly themed investment broadly diversified by itself.
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Which publicly traded companies provide direct exposure?
In a May 13, 2026 review, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) highlighted four U.S.-listed quantum-related companies: IonQ, D-Wave Quantum, Rigetti Computing and Quantum Computing Inc. Their business descriptions below are issuer statements; compare them with each company’s filings and independent evidence.
| Company | Symbol and venue in the cited disclosures | Issuer-described focus |
|---|---|---|
| IonQ | IONQ, New York Stock Exchange (NYSE); identified in its August 7, 2026 SEC-filed prospectus supplement | Quantum computing, networking, sensing and security |
| D-Wave Quantum | QBTS, Nasdaq, effective July 27, 2026, according to the company’s listing-transfer announcement | Systems, software and services across annealing and gate-model computing |
| Rigetti Computing | RGTI; the company’s investor-relations materials provide filings and results. Confirm its current venue and symbol in a current filing. | Quantum computing |
| Quantum Computing Inc. | QUBT, Nasdaq, as identified on its investor-relations page | Photonics-related quantum-computing offerings |
These companies are not interchangeable. Their technical approaches, product claims, revenue sources and broader activities differ. A company’s quantum-related announcement or stated target is not the same as demonstrated commercial demand; examine actual results and the company’s risk disclosures.
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The list is not a complete global universe or evidence that all four have the same degree of quantum-business exposure. ESMA said publicly traded companies primarily focused on quantum computing outside the United States were few, while noting adjacent listings. Investors outside the U.S. should also check local exchange access, currency, reporting rules, tax treatment and eligibility; these vary by jurisdiction.
How to compare quantum-themed ETFs
Start with each fund’s prospectus, latest holdings and methodology. Check whether it invests in dedicated quantum developers, broader technology firms, enabling suppliers, or a combination. Also identify whether the mandate includes adjacent themes such as machine learning.
What dated fund data can—and cannot—tell you
ESMA’s May 2026 analysis said three EU-domiciled ETFs with a specific quantum-computing focus had launched in 2025 and collectively held USD 0.6 billion in assets under management at the end of March 2026. The same analysis reported USD 3.3 billion in assets for a U.S. quantum-computing-and-machine-learning-themed ETF and USD 0.03 billion for a recently launched pure-play quantum fund. These are historical figures from that report, not current fund sizes or a measure of future performance.
Defiance’s QTUM fund page provides fund documents and holdings resources and describes quantum-computing and machine-learning themes. Use its current prospectus and holdings to assess actual exposure rather than inferring it from the ticker or fund name.
Example: WisdomTree WQTM
WisdomTree’s March 2026 presentation says WQTM seeks to track the WisdomTree Classiq Quantum Computing Index before fees and expenses and reports a 0.45% expense ratio. The presentation’s holdings snapshot is dated June 30, 2026: Quantinuum 7.2%, D-Wave 5.5%, Rigetti 5.1%, IonQ 4.8%, IBM 3.6%, Intel 3.1%, Quantum Computing Inc. 2.8% and Microsoft 2.5%. The snapshot illustrates a mix of dedicated quantum businesses and larger companies with broader operations; it is not a current holdings guarantee. Check the latest fund documents for current weights and fees.
When comparing any fund, look beyond its theme label and review:
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- Portfolio breadth and concentration: Number of holdings, largest positions, geography and the share represented by dedicated quantum businesses.
- Mandate and methodology: Whether the fund follows an index or active strategy, what qualifies a company for inclusion, and whether adjacent technologies are included.
- Costs and trading: Expense ratio, brokerage charges, bid-ask spread, trading liquidity and the market-price premium or discount to net asset value (NAV).
- Changes over time: Holdings, fund assets and fees can change. Use current issuer disclosures rather than assuming a dated presentation remains accurate.
Assess commercial progress and financing risk
Quantum computing is a developing industry, and a technical milestone does not by itself establish a durable business. For each company, distinguish what has been delivered or recognized in financial results from management targets, forward-looking statements and broad forecasts about the potential market.
ESMA’s May 2026 analysis said that the pure-play firms it reviewed remained early in commercialization and operated at significant losses. The regulator also observed valuation surges followed by corrections among the four U.S.-listed companies it analyzed beginning in late 2024. It reported that their combined market capitalization temporarily exceeded USD 65 billion in late 2025 and weekly trading volumes surpassed USD 70 billion. Those are historical peaks reported by ESMA, not current market values or evidence of future returns.
IonQ’s August 2026 prospectus supplement also disclosed significant historical losses and risks. That is a reason to review each issuer’s latest financial statements and share issuance—not a substitute for doing so. A company that needs additional financing may issue shares, which can dilute existing shareholders. Check cash and cash needs, recognized revenue, operating losses, financing history and outstanding or potential share issuance in current filings.
How to research a stock or fund before investing
- Confirm what you can buy. Check the issuer’s latest filing for its exchange and ticker. For an ETF, confirm the fund’s listing, trading currency and availability through your account.
- Read the primary disclosure. For U.S. issuers, use SEC EDGAR to find the latest annual and quarterly reports, prospectus and material updates. The SEC’s Investor.gov guidance recommends reviewing disclosure, understanding costs and diversification, and treating claims of high returns with little or no risk as warning signs.
- Test the commercial story. Separate delivered products, customers and recognized revenue from company targets, technical announcements and market-size forecasts. Compare company claims with reported results and risk factors.
- For a fund, inspect its current documents. Review the prospectus, shareholder report, holdings, fees, risks and index or investment methodology. Check whether its holdings align with the amount and type of quantum exposure you intend to get.
- Check the trade itself. ETFs trade at market prices that may differ from NAV, so inspect the bid-ask spread and premium-or-discount information. Consider the effect of brokerage costs and liquidity as well as the fund’s stated expense ratio.
- Apply your local rules. Confirm that the security is available to you and understand relevant currency, tax and eligibility issues in your jurisdiction. U.S. examples do not establish access or tax treatment elsewhere.
Understand the risks before making a decision
- Technology and commercialization: A promising approach or milestone does not guarantee a reliable product, adoption or profitable business.
- Losses and dilution: Early-stage companies may face continued losses and financing needs. New share issuance can reduce existing investors’ proportional ownership.
- Valuation and volatility: ESMA documented sharp historical moves in the companies it reviewed. High trading interest or a rising share price is not proof of commercial value.
- Theme mismatch: A quantum-themed fund may include diversified technology companies and suppliers rather than only dedicated developers. Its holdings can also change.
- ETF trading and costs: Premiums or discounts to NAV, spreads, liquidity and recurring expenses can affect the result an investor receives.
- Geographic and account constraints: Exchange access, currency exposure, tax rules and investor eligibility depend on where you live and the account you use.
The SEC’s Investor.gov guidance states: “Every investment carries some degree of risk and the potential for greater returns comes with greater risk.” Quantum-related securities are no exception. Consider whether a concentrated stock or thematic fund fits your objectives, time horizon and ability to absorb losses; do not treat this article as individualized investment advice.
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