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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11No—under the UPI framework described by the Ministry of Finance, merchants cannot pass applicable merchant discount rate (MDR) charges on to customers as a separate UPI surcharge. Customers should pay the posted price. The rule concerns UPI merchant payments; it does not mean a business’s payment costs can never influence its general pricing.
Can a shop charge me extra for paying by UPI?
Punjab & Sind Bank MD and CEO Swarup Kumar Saha said merchants onboarded for UPI cannot pass MDR on to customers. He told PTI: “Merchants onboarded cannot pass on MDR charges to customers while accepting payments through UPI. The framework ensures consumers pay only the posted price,” PTI reported on October 6, 2026.
The Ministry of Finance similarly stated, “Customers Will Not Pay MDR,” in its September 15, 2026 explanation of the UPI framework. This is the framework’s stated consumer rule: MDR is a merchant-side acceptance charge, not an amount to add to a customer’s bill for choosing UPI.
When does the UPI MDR framework apply?
The Ministry says a 0.4% MDR applies to specified person-to-merchant (P2M) UPI transactions above ₹2,000. It describes the charge as applying only to eligible transactions, not every payment made through UPI.
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| UPI payment | Framework treatment |
|---|---|
| Person-to-person transfer, any amount | Remains free, according to the Ministry of Finance. |
| Payment to a merchant up to ₹2,000 | Remains free, according to the Ministry of Finance. |
| Specified P2M transaction above ₹2,000 | 0.4% MDR applies under the framework described by the Ministry of Finance. |
| Transaction covered by the zero-MDR framework for small merchants | Remains free, according to the Ministry of Finance. |
PTI’s October 6 report gives an overall cap of ₹300 for the applicable MDR. The Ministry’s September 15 release confirms the rate and threshold but does not state that cap, so the cap is attributable to PTI’s report rather than independently confirmed in the cited government release.
Does UPI MDR apply to payments to friends?
No. A transfer from one person to another is a person-to-person (P2P) payment, and the Ministry says those transfers remain free regardless of amount. The MDR framework described here concerns specified person-to-merchant payments.
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How many merchant payments are affected?
The Ministry of Finance estimates that approximately 96% of P2M transactions remain unaffected by the framework. Separately, Saha told PTI that UPI transactions up to ₹2,000 make up more than 95% of P2M volume. Those figures use different descriptions and should not be treated as the same statistic: the first is the Ministry’s estimate of transactions unaffected; the second is Saha’s reported estimate of the share of volume at or below the threshold.
Is the UPI rule the same as card MDR rules?
No. The cited 0.4% rate and ₹2,000 threshold concern specified UPI merchant transactions; they should not be applied to debit- or credit-card payments. RBI’s September 1, 2016 direction addresses unbundling debit-card MDR charges and discusses how bundled merchant fees could create scope for passing costs to customers as surcharges. It is not the 2026 UPI framework.
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Likewise, an RBI public-information response dated August 5, 2024 says the central bank had not issued instructions on levy of charges on credit-card transactions and points to its December 2017 debit-card circular. That response does not establish a universal current rule for every card surcharge. The UPI consumer statement should not be generalized into a definitive legal rule for all card transactions.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What should a customer do if a merchant adds a UPI fee?
The Ministry’s September 2026 release and Saha’s PTI interview state that applicable UPI MDR is not to be passed on to the customer. The material cited here does not specify an enforcement process or a customer complaint route for a merchant that asks for an MDR surcharge, so it does not establish which authority or procedure a customer should use in that situation.
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