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The 2024 U.S. indictment alleges that executives offered or promised Indian officials about ₹2,029 crore (approximately $265 million) to secure state agreements needed for a 12-gigawatt solar project. Prosecutors attributed about ₹1,750 crore (approximately $228 million) to an alleged offer connected to Andhra Pradesh’s purchase commitment for seven gigawatts. Those are allegations—not findings that the full amount was paid or that any defendant is guilty.
What deals were tied to the alleged payments?
The U.S. Department of Justice indictment describes a manufacturing-linked solar tender run through the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI). Under the tender, an Indian renewable-energy company’s subsidiary agreed to supply 8 GW, while a U.S. issuer agreed to supply 4 GW, for 12 GW in total. The producers’ commitments and the state purchase arrangements were separate steps in the transaction.
How the agreements fit together
- Project allocation: The Indian company’s subsidiary and the U.S. issuer undertook to supply their respective shares of the 12 GW project.
- State purchase agreements: State electricity distribution companies were expected to sign power sale agreements (PSAs) with SECI, committing to buy power from it.
- Producer power agreements: The indictment says SECI would not enter power purchase agreements (PPAs) with the producers without state PSAs. Prosecutors allege that defendants sought to secure those state commitments through offers or promises to officials.
That chain is why the alleged payments are linked to state purchase agreements rather than simply to the original tender award. The claim that payments were offered or promised to influence those agreements is the prosecution’s account, not an adjudicated finding. (U.S. Department of Justice indictment)
What does the ₹2,029 crore figure mean?
The indictment alleges that co-conspirators, including Gautam Adani, Sagar Adani and Vneet Jaain, “had offered and promised” officials approximately ₹2,029 crore, or approximately $265 million. Its dollar conversion uses the approximate rupee-dollar value in or about April 2022. The figure is therefore an alleged offer-and-promise total in the charging document—not proof that ₹2,029 crore was paid.
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Prosecutors attributed about ₹1,750 crore (approximately $228 million) to an alleged offer to “Foreign Official #1” in Andhra Pradesh. The indictment says the offer was intended to cause state distribution companies to agree to buy seven GW of solar power from SECI. It does not name that official; the person’s identity should not be treated as established from the charging document.
The DOJ’s November 20, 2024 announcement rounded the alleged total to more than $250 million. It also said prosecutors alleged more than $2 billion in projected after-tax profits over approximately 20 years. Those are allegations described in the announcement, not established payments or realized returns. (DOJ announcement, November 20, 2024)
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Which states and agreements did the indictment identify?
The indictment says distribution companies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jammu and Kashmir, Odisha, and Tamil Nadu entered PSAs with SECI between July 2021 and February 2022. It identifies Andhra Pradesh’s agreement, dated on or about December 1, 2021, as approximately 7 GW—the largest amount for any Indian state or region in the indictment.
The capacities below refer to different agreement stages. A state PSA is not the same thing as a producer’s PPA, and the figures should not be added together as if they were all the same commitment.
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| Agreement or reported detail | Capacity | What the source describes |
|---|---|---|
| Andhra Pradesh PSA with SECI | Approximately 7 GW | The indictment identifies this state purchase agreement as the largest for any state or region. |
| U.S. issuer PPAs | Approximately 2.3 GW for Andhra Pradesh; approximately 650 MW across Chhattisgarh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and Jammu and Kashmir | The indictment describes these as PPAs involving the U.S. issuer, distinct from the state PSAs. |
| Other reported state PSA examples | Odisha: 500 MW; Chhattisgarh: 300 MW; Tamil Nadu: 1,000 MW; Jammu and Kashmir: 100 MW | Scroll reported these PSA arrangements in November 2024; they are not the U.S. issuer PPA capacities above. |
The indictment separately says subsidiaries of the Indian energy company executed their own PPAs across the named geographies. It does not support describing all 12 GW as already sold under the specific U.S. issuer PPAs listed here. Scroll’s November 2024 explainer also reports that Andhra Pradesh’s seven-GW agreement was divided into three tranches: 3,000 MW in 2024, 3,000 MW in 2025, and 1,000 MW in 2026. It says a political party leader challenged the procurement price in court; that context is Scroll’s reporting, not a conclusion stated in the indictment. (Scroll explainer, November 2024)
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What is the status of the U.S. criminal case?
The DOJ announced the indictment on November 20, 2024. Its docket page identifies the case as No. 24-CR-433 in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York, filed October 24, 2024. The indictment charged eight executives and businesspeople, alleging bribery to secure solar contracts, misrepresentations to investors and lenders about anti-bribery practices, and obstruction of investigations. The DOJ cautioned: “The charges in the indictment are allegations and the defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty.” (Indictment; DOJ announcement; DOJ case page)
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The later procedural record is more limited than saying the entire case was dropped. On June 26, 2026, the court said the government’s initial dismissal motion gave only a conclusory explanation and directed it to provide reasons and supporting facts. In an August 10, 2026 order, the court granted the motion in part, dismissing Counts Two, Three, and Four with prejudice as to Gautam Adani, Sagar Adani, and Vneet Jaain. It reserved judgment on Counts One and Five as to Ranjit Gupta, Cyril Cabanes, Saurabh Agarwal, Deepak Malhotra, and Rupesh Agarwal, pending reasons, factual support, and direct consent assurances due by August 31, 2026. The court said its partial grant should not be taken as agreement with the government’s decision or as an opinion on the merits. (June 26, 2026 court order; August 10, 2026 court order)
The cited August order does not establish what happened after the August 31 deadline. It therefore supports neither a claim that every count against every defendant was dismissed nor a definitive statement about the five defendants whose counts remained unresolved in that order. A current court docket is needed to establish any later disposition.
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