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Pork Powerhouses 2020: Why U.S. Hog Producers Were Backed Up

The 2020 ranking of the 40 largest U.S. pork producers showed a 1.4% decline in sow numbers as food-service closures and packing-plant disruptions backed up hogs on farms.
From TheFinanceBase Team4 min to read
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In 2020, the 40 largest U.S. pork producers had 60,475 fewer sows than a year earlier, a 1.4% decline. The ranking covered about two-thirds of the nation’s sows. Successful Farming tied the pullback to pandemic-era restaurant and food-service closures and meatpacking slowdowns or shutdowns: producers could not move animals through their usual channels at the normal pace. The figures are historical, not a current industry ranking.

Why hogs backed up on farms in 2020

COVID-19 disrupted two connected parts of the pork supply chain. Restaurants and other food-service businesses closed or reduced activity, while meatpacking plants slowed operations or shut down. When processing capacity fell, producers had fewer places to send market-ready hogs. Animals remained on farms longer, creating a backlog and pressure to adjust production.

Contemporaneous coverage published in October 2020 captured how the disruption reached farms and markets. Brenneman Pork’s Rob Brenneman described employees falling ill and changes to farm operations; National Pork Board international marketing vice president Norman Bessac discussed export markets and worker impacts; and Iowa State University economist Dermot Hayes addressed the backlog. These were perspectives on conditions at the time, not descriptions of current operations. Read the October 2020 coverage.

What the 2020 ranking showed

The 40 largest U.S. producers reduced their combined sow inventory by 60,475, or 1.4%, compared with the previous year. Successful Farming said the ranking represented about two-thirds of the country’s sows. The overall decline concealed different company responses:

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2020 response Number of producers
Reduced sow numbers 16
Held sow numbers steady 14
Expanded sow numbers 10

Those counts and the aggregate decline come from Successful Farming’s October 7, 2020 report by Betsy Freese, which presented the ranking as a snapshot of the pandemic-disrupted year. They should not be read as current company figures. See the original 2020 report.

How producers responded

Reducing inventory to fit constrained processing

Some producers explicitly connected reductions to available or expected packing capacity. The Hanor Family of Companies president Myrl Mortenson said the reduction was made “to match the packing capacity we see going forward.” The Maschhoffs also reduced inventory; CEO and president Bradley Wolter said, “We continue to monitor the market telling us we need to remove sows from the U.S. inventory.”

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Other company accounts illustrate that reducing numbers did not mean the same thing everywhere. J.C. Howard Farms reported reducing sow numbers and described marketing or euthanizing animals. N.G. Purvis Farms said it was downsizing but had not carried out large-scale euthanasia at that time. These are company-reported circumstances from 2020, not evidence of present practices.

Expansions and regional differences

Not every producer contracted. Successful Farming reported expansions by U.S. producers AMVC Management Services and Carthage System. It also said the top five Canadian producers added 73,000 sows in 2020, with Olymel and HyLife among the growing companies. The Canadian figure describes a different geography and should not be folded into the U.S. ranking’s 60,475-sow decline.

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Departures and uncertain capacity

The report said Maxwell Foods planned to stop producing pigs by the end of 2020 and would not appear in that year’s ranking. It described Hitch Pork Producers as exiting and in the process of being sold to Seaboard Foods, while noting that the disposition of Hitch’s sow capacity was unclear. These were developments reported in 2020; they do not establish current ownership or production status.

Why Smithfield’s figure is an estimate

Smithfield did not provide sow data for the ranking for the first time in 26 years. Its director of corporate communications, Lisa Martin, said, “We no longer make sow or other production numbers publicly available.” Successful Farming used an industry-expert estimate of 915,000 sows after a 15,000-sow decline. That total is an estimate in the report, not a figure disclosed by Smithfield.

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The report also quoted Smithfield executive vice president of hog production Brady Stewart: “Earlier this year, after identifying an opportunity to improve our business by reallocating pig flows within our system, we executed the closure of multiple sow farms in Missouri. We will continue to consider ways to improve our hog production operations.” The statement describes the company’s explanation at the time.

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What the figures can—and cannot—tell you

  • The 60,475-sow reduction is the combined year-over-year change for the 40 largest U.S. producers in the 2020 report, not a measure of all U.S. pork production or a current inventory count.
  • The ranking’s company responses varied: 16 reduced, 14 were steady, and 10 expanded. The aggregate decline therefore does not mean every major producer cut capacity.
  • Smithfield’s 915,000-sow figure was an outside estimate because the company did not submit data; it is not directly comparable in status to company-reported numbers.
  • The report described opposing claims in a dispute between Maxwell Foods and Smithfield. Those allegations and denials should be treated as claims made by the parties, not established findings.

A separate company news index confirms the report’s framing as an exclusive ranking of the 40 largest U.S. pig producers, but does not turn the 2020 snapshot into a current ranking. View the company news index.

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  • 4 Bushel Large Capacity: With a generous 4 bushel capacity, this double door pig feeder easily accommodates the daily feeding needs of up to 8 hogs. The spacious design reduces the hassle of frequent refills, saving you valuable time and labor while ensuring your livestock always have access to fresh feed.
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  • Sturdy Double Door with Feed Protection: The pig feeder features two robust metal doors that keep feed dry and clean, preventing moisture, pests, and spoilage. This design ensures your hogs enjoy fresh, uncontaminated food with every meal, while the heavy duty latch secures the feeder against tipping or damage from active livestock.
  • Space-Saving Vertical Structure: Measuring 19.49" L x 11.81" W x 29.53" H, this outdoor livestock feeder incorporates a vertical design that maximizes small farm spaces without sacrificing capacity. Its compact footprint allows easy placement in pens, pastures, or barns, improving overall feeding efficiency and making it a versatile farm accessory for multi-purpose use.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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