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China reportedly bought three U.S. soybean cargoes—about 180,000 metric tons—for December 2025–January 2026 shipment shortly before the October 2025 Trump-Xi meeting. Reuters attributed the report to two trade sources and identified state-owned COFCO as the buyer. The limited transaction did not, by itself, establish a broad return of Chinese demand for U.S. soybeans. A separate Reuters report in September 2026 described a much larger booking by state stockpiler Sinograin.
What China reportedly bought before the October 2025 meeting
Reuters reported on October 29, 2025, that COFCO bought three U.S. soybean cargoes totaling about 180,000 metric tons, scheduled for shipment in December and January. Reuters said the purchases were the first from that year’s U.S. harvest and cited two trade sources. COFCO did not immediately respond to Reuters’ request for comment, so the transaction was not publicly confirmed by the buyer in that report. Reuters’ October 2025 report
The deal came amid tariff tensions and after Chinese buyers had booked substantial South American supply, according to Reuters. A trader quoted in the report described the volume as “not that large.” Traders did not expect this purchase alone to lead to a significant resumption of U.S. cargo demand. Those were market assessments at the time, not a statement about prices or buying later on.
How the reported 2025 and 2026 purchases differ
| Reported transaction | Buyer | Reported volume | Shipment window | Evidence described by the outlet |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 2025 | COFCO | Three cargoes; about 180,000 metric tons | December 2025–January 2026 | Reuters cited two trade sources; COFCO had not immediately commented. Reuters, October 2025 |
| September 2026 | Sinograin | 14–15 cargoes; around 1 million metric tons | December 2026–February 2027 | Reuters cited four traders and also reported USDA sales figures; Sinograin had not immediately commented. Reuters, September 2026 |
The September 2026 report is a separate round of buying, not an update to the three-cargo 2025 transaction. Reuters also reported that the USDA had announced 340,000 tons of U.S. soybean sales to China and another 100,000 tons to unknown destinations that Wednesday. Those USDA-reported sales and the trader-sourced Sinograin bookings are distinct pieces of evidence, not figures to add together as if they describe one confirmed order. Reuters, September 2026
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What officials said about soybean purchase targets
After the October 2025 meeting in South Korea, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said China had agreed to buy 25 million metric tons of U.S. soybeans annually for three years, starting with 12 million metric tons through January, according to the Associated Press. AP quoted Bessent saying that U.S. soybean farmers “should prosper in the years to come.” These were targets described by a U.S. official; they should not be treated as evidence that all the stated volume had already been purchased or shipped. Associated Press, October 2025
AP’s November 2025 follow-up reported that a USDA report available after the U.S. government reopened showed two Chinese soybean purchases since the summit, totaling 332,000 metric tons. AP also reported that Beijing had not confirmed detailed soybean purchase terms and had said the two sides reached “consensus” on expanding agricultural trade. CoBank economist Tanner Ehmke told AP: “We are still not even close to what has been advertised from the U.S. in terms of what the agreement would have been.” Associated Press, November 2025
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The distinction matters: public U.S. descriptions of a purchase target are not the same as a detailed agreement publicly confirmed by Beijing. Likewise, trader-sourced reports of specific bookings are not direct statements from COFCO, Sinograin, or the Chinese government.
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In September 2026, Reuters said the reported purchases brought China’s U.S. soybean buying to nearly half of the 25 million metric tons the White House said Beijing had committed to buy annually through 2028. That is Reuters’ comparison of reported buying with a White House-described commitment; the material does not establish it as an independently verified contract total. Reuters, September 2026
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