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Re:

O que significa ID do produto? Entenda qual código informar

ID do produto é um identificador definido pela plataforma. Veja como ele se distingue de SKU, GTIN e outros códigos e descubra qual informar em um cadastro.
From TheFinanceBase Team3 min to read
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ID do produto é um identificador usado por uma plataforma para distinguir um produto, item ou oferta de outros registros. O significado exato depende do sistema: pode ser um código interno, uma SKU, um GTIN ou um identificador de recurso de API. Por isso, não existe um formato universal para todo campo chamado “ID do produto”.

O que é ID do produto?

Um ID do produto funciona como uma referência para localizar e distinguir um registro dentro de determinado sistema. Em um cadastro ou feed de catálogo, ele pode identificar uma oferta; em uma API, pode apontar para um recurso. O campo só faz sentido junto das regras da plataforma que o solicita.

No Google Merchant Center, por exemplo, o atributo id identifica exclusivamente cada item enviado no feed, é obrigatório e deve permanecer estável. O Google recomenda usar a SKU como valor desse atributo, mas isso não torna “ID” e “SKU” sinônimos em todos os serviços. Google Merchant Center: código [id]

ID do produto é o mesmo que SKU ou código de barras?

Não necessariamente. Esses códigos podem ter funções diferentes, mesmo quando aparecem no mesmo cadastro. No Google Merchant Center, id, GTIN, MPN e marca são campos distintos.

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Termo Para que serve
ID (id) Identifica um item ou oferta dentro de um sistema ou feed. No Merchant Center, deve ser exclusivo e estável.
SKU Código de estoque definido pelo comerciante. O Google recomenda usá-la como valor do atributo id no Merchant Center.
GTIN Identificador global de item comercial. É um campo separado; os formatos reconhecidos incluem UPC, EAN, ISBN e ITF-14. Google Merchant Center: GTIN [gtin]
MPN Número de peça do fabricante. Com a marca, pode identificar o produto do fabricante.
item_group_id Identifica o grupo de variantes relacionadas; não substitui o ID próprio de cada variante no Merchant Center.
ID de recurso REST Identificador ou caminho de um recurso em uma API. Na Merchant API, o produto é representado por um nome de recurso associado à conta. Google for Developers: produtos de migração

Como funciona o ID em produtos com variações?

Se um produto tem variantes, como tamanhos ou cores, a plataforma pode exigir um identificador diferente para cada uma. No Merchant Center, cada variante recebe seu próprio id; o campo item_group_id permite relacionar as variantes ao mesmo produto. A regra evita tratar registros distintos como se fossem um único item.

Qual ID informar em um cadastro?

  1. Identifique a plataforma e o campo exato. Abra a ajuda do serviço e confira se o cadastro pede ID interno, SKU, GTIN/UPC/EAN ou outro identificador.
  2. Use o código exigido para aquele contexto. Não substitua um GTIN por uma SKU — nem o contrário — apenas porque ambos são chamados de identificadores.
  3. Confira as regras de exclusividade e estabilidade. No Merchant Center, o ID deve distinguir o item e permanecer estável; para variantes, cada uma precisa do próprio ID.
  4. Verifique as exceções específicas da plataforma. A documentação da Amazon Brasil associa ID do produto a um código de barras GS1 em certos fluxos de cadastro e menciona exceções para casos com isenção de GTIN. Amazon Seller Central Brasil: documentação de ID do produto

O nome do campo, por si só, não revela qual código usar: a especificação do serviço é que determina o formato aceito.

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Por que o mesmo termo aparece com significados diferentes?

“ID do produto” é um rótulo genérico, não um padrão único. O Google Merchant Center usa id para identificar itens no feed; a Merchant API usa um nome de recurso para representar um produto; e certos cadastros da Amazon podem exigir um código de barras GS1. Até a documentação de dados estruturados do Gmail define um tipo Product para outro contexto. Google for Developers: Product | Gmail

Assim, se a dúvida surgiu em um formulário, consulte a orientação daquele serviço antes de preencher o campo. Não há um ID universal que sirva automaticamente em catálogos, marketplaces, feeds e APIs.

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