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The 2.1 BTC Phemex Puzzle Explained: What the 2020 Bitcoin Challenge Was—and Whether It Was Solved

Phemex’s 2020 “2.1 BTC” puzzle combined 1.1 BTC at a Bitcoin address with a promised 1 BTC trading bonus. Here are the official clues, the reconstructed solving path and what remains unverified.
From TheFinanceBase Team5 min to read
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Short answer: “Crack This Crypto Puzzle to Win 2.1 BTC” was a January 2020 Phemex marketing puzzle, not an active Bitcoin giveaway. Phemex advertised 1.1 BTC at the Bitcoin address 1h8BNZkhsPiu6EKazP19WkGxDw3jHf9aT, plus a separate 1 BTC trading bonus for the person who proved control of the associated private key. The original deadline was March 21, 2020, and current sources do not conclusively verify the winner or the exchange-side payout.

What the “2.1 BTC” prize actually meant

The challenge was announced by Phemex on January 16, 2020 and covered contemporaneously by HackerNoon. The headline’s 2.1 BTC was a combined promotional value:

Component What Phemex offered
On-chain prize 1.1 BTC held at 1h8BNZkhsPiu6EKazP19WkGxDw3jHf9aT
Exchange bonus 1 BTC in Phemex trading credit after the solver proved control of the private key
Referral incentive Phemex also mentioned a $100 trading bonus for people in the retweet chain that led the winner to the puzzle

That structure matters: the advertised total was not 2.1 BTC sitting in one wallet. The 1 BTC exchange bonus was conditional and separate from the 1.1 BTC controlled by the Bitcoin address. Phemex’s original rules are preserved in its announcement, “Try To Solve Our 2 BTC Puzzle.”

Why the image showed Dorian Nakamoto

The puzzle used a portrait associated with Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto, the Japanese-American man whom a 2014 Newsweek article incorrectly identified as Bitcoin’s creator. Dorian Nakamoto denied being Satoshi Nakamoto. The image was thematic; it did not establish that Dorian was Bitcoin’s pseudonymous creator or that he had any role in Phemex’s puzzle.

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The visual design was part of the clue system. Words, capitalization and numerical references in the portrait were intended to be interpreted rather than read as ordinary artwork. Phemex later clarified that the image filename was irrelevant.

The official clue timeline

  1. January 16, 2020: Phemex launched the portrait puzzle and published the funded address.
  2. January 23, 2020: Phemex’s “A Letter from Max” supplied several clarifications, including the prime-number clue and instructions about number formats.
  3. February 21, 2020: Phemex published a final hint centered on the phrase “little is big.”
  4. March 21, 2020: Phemex’s stated deadline for solving the puzzle and its planned reveal if nobody succeeded.

The clue letter is available at Phemex’s “A Letter from Max”, while the later hint appears in “The Last Hint of Phemex 2.1BTC Puzzle.”

The five key clarifications

  • The first 21-digit prime appearing in consecutive digits of e is 957496696762772407663.
  • The derived private key should be treated as a large integer, not immediately encoded in Wallet Import Format (WIF).
  • The image filename is not a clue.
  • Some words from the portrait must be converted, without input/output operations, into a 27-digit number.
  • If solving stalls, the fourth step should be revisited.

Phemex’s later hint said the Goddess Pheme repeated “little is big” twice within three days, signaling that apparently small details mattered.

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How the reconstructed solution works

This was not an attempt to reverse an arbitrary Bitcoin address. It was a deliberately constrained riddle in which the organizer supplied enough clues to narrow the calculation.

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1. Start with the prime in e

Solvers first locate the specified 21-digit prime in consecutive digits of the mathematical constant e: 957496696762772407663. Phemex explicitly warned that this number was an intermediate clue, not automatically the final private key.

2. Extract and transform words from the portrait

The community reconstruction treats selected, case-sensitive words in the image as data. Those words are converted into a 27-digit number rather than passed through a conventional “input/output” encoding step. One reported intermediate value is 237871847045914904726285415.

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3. Apply base-58 and byte-order operations

The repository documenting the reconstruction applies Bitcoin- and XRP-style base-58 alphabets to clue words and interprets some values in little-endian order. Another reported intermediate number is 554405551875. Changing the alphabet, capitalization or endianness can produce a completely different result, which explains why apparently plausible calculations may not lead to the advertised address.

4. Derive and check the Bitcoin destination

The claimed reconstruction arrives at the compressed public key 02b4a72e4aaa69ba04b80c6891df01f50d191a65eccc61e4e9862d1e421ce815b3 and the advertised address 1h8BNZkhsPiu6EKazP19WkGxDw3jHf9aT. The technical notes and code are published in the community repository fqueis/phemex-puzzle.

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This is a community reconstruction, not an independently audited Phemex derivation. It is therefore best described as a claimed or documented solving path rather than definitive proof that every intended step has been recovered.

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Was this “breaking Bitcoin”?

No. A Bitcoin private key is normally a 256-bit value, and recovering an arbitrary key from an address by searching the entire key space is computationally infeasible. Phemex’s puzzle was different because the organizer intentionally generated a key from clues and published a target address. The practical task was interpreting a constrained construction, not defeating Bitcoin’s cryptography or brute-forcing the network.

It is also important to distinguish Bitcoin terminology:

  • A Bitcoin address is a destination for payments, not the public key itself.
  • A public key is derived from a private key and may be used to verify signatures.
  • A private key authorizes spending from the associated outputs.
  • WIF is one textual encoding of a private key. Phemex said the puzzle’s derived value should be handled as a large integer rather than assumed to be WIF.
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Was the puzzle solved and paid out?

The evidence supports four separate conclusions:

  1. Official rules: Phemex documented the address, prize structure and conditions.
  2. Official hints: Phemex published the prime, formatting and “little is big” clues.
  3. Community method: The GitHub project documents a reconstruction that reports intermediate values and a matching address.
  4. Actual redemption: The sources reviewed here do not independently establish the winning person, a definitive on-chain redemption transaction, or payment of the separate 1 BTC Phemex bonus.

A blockchain transaction could help establish whether funds moved from the advertised address, but it would not by itself prove that Phemex paid the exchange-side bonus. That would require separate first-party evidence. Screenshots, reposts and an asserted “solution” are not equivalent to either form of proof.

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Is the 2.1 BTC still claimable in 2026?

No. The promotion’s deadline was March 21, 2020, so the old headline should not be read as a current opportunity. Phemex’s historical terms also required the solver to prove control of the key and use a Phemex account for the exchange bonus. Current Phemex availability, eligibility and promotions are separate questions and are not established by these archived puzzle pages.

Security and legal cautions

  • Never paste a discovered private key into a website, exchange, browser extension or “claim” page.
  • Do not download untrusted solver software or send money to unlock a supposed reward.
  • Do not publish or reuse private-key material. Anyone who obtains it may be able to spend associated funds.
  • Do not assume that finding a mathematically valid key gives automatic permission to sweep funds; authorization and legal treatment can vary by jurisdiction.
  • Historical puzzle participation is not investment advice. General cautions about unverifiable Bitcoin-puzzle claims are discussed by Crypto.bi.

The Bottom Line

The Phemex “2.1 BTC” challenge was a real 2020 clue-based private-key puzzle: 1.1 BTC on-chain plus a promised 1 BTC exchange bonus. It was not a conventional attack on Bitcoin, it expired in March 2020, and available sources do not conclusively prove the final winner or bonus payment.

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