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Pakistan’s total public debt increased by Rs9.272 trillion in FY2025, from Rs71.246 trillion in June 2024 to Rs80.518 trillion in June 2025. Dividing that increase by 365 gives an average of about Rs25.4 billion a day. That is an average change in the debt stock—not evidence that the government borrowed exactly Rs25.4 billion in cash every day.
Where the Rs25.4 billion figure comes from
The figure is a calculation from the Ministry of Finance’s reported year-end totals, not a daily borrowing statistic published by the government. The Ministry’s Debt Policy Statement reports total public debt of Rs71.246 trillion at June 2024 and Rs80.518 trillion at June 2025, a rise of Rs9.272 trillion. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
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Dividing Rs9.272 trillion by the 365 days in FY2025 produces roughly Rs25.4 billion per day. The arithmetic describes the average increase between two dated debt-stock measurements. It does not show how much cash the government borrowed on any particular day, nor does it establish that borrowing happened evenly through the year.
Why a debt-stock increase is not the same as daily borrowing
A debt stock is the amount outstanding at a particular date. Its change reflects more than new cash borrowing: repayments, interest, government cash balances, exchange-rate movements and other effects can alter the reported total. Pakistan’s official FY2025 breakdown separates transaction effects from exchange-rate and other effects. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
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Interest and the primary balance
The Ministry’s table attributes Rs8.887 trillion of the FY2025 increase to interest expense. It also shows a primary surplus of Rs1.798 trillion as a negative contribution to debt growth—that is, it reduced the increase relative to what it otherwise would have been. A primary balance excludes interest costs, so a primary surplus can coexist with a rising debt stock when interest and other effects are substantial. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
Exchange rates and other effects
The same breakdown reports Rs2.383 trillion from exchange-rate impact and other effects. Changes in the rupee value of foreign-currency debt and other accounting or IMF-loan effects can therefore change the reported stock without representing an equivalent amount of fresh rupee cash borrowing. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
Which Pakistan debt measure is being discussed?
“Total public debt” and “total debt of the government” are not interchangeable labels in the official figures. For June 2025, the Ministry reported total public debt of Rs80.518 trillion. Government debt under the Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation (FRDL) Act definition was Rs73.267 trillion. That narrower measure deducts accumulated federal and provincial government deposits with the banking system. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
The statement reproduces the statutory definition: “Total Debt of the Government” means debt of the federal and provincial governments serviced out of the consolidated fund, and debts owed to the IMF, less accumulated deposits of the federal and provincial governments with the banking system. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
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For June 2025, total public debt was reported as 70.7% of GDP, while FRDL-defined government debt was 64.3% of GDP. These ratios use different debt definitions; comparisons should identify the measure rather than treating them as competing estimates of the same total. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
The debt total did not rise continuously
The Ministry reported total public debt of Rs79.147 trillion in September 2025, below the Rs80.518 trillion recorded three months earlier in June. A year-on-year increase does not mean the stock rises every day or even in every reporting period. [Finance Division, Debt Policy Statement – January 2026]
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How current are these figures?
The figures above describe FY2025 and September 2025, not Pakistan’s verified debt total for October 2026. The Ministry of Finance publications page lists an Annual Debt Review FY2026 dated 30 September 2026; its contents are not reflected in the figures cited here. Readers should consult that newer review before treating any FY2025 figure as the latest available. [Ministry of Finance publications]
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