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There is no single current U.S. tariff rate for every Indian export. The duty on a shipment depends on its product classification, country of origin, U.S. entry date, and any applicable exclusion or preference. In 2026, a White House tariff framework and a separate U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) measure changed the rules, while the additional duty linked to India’s Russian oil purchases was ended. Indian exporters should therefore price and plan by product and shipment—not by a headline “India tariff.”
What is the current U.S. tariff on Indian exports?
The answer is shipment-specific. A U.S. importer’s duty calculation may include the ordinary tariff for the product’s U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTSUS) classification and additional measures that apply to that classification, origin, and entry date. Exemptions, quotas, or other provisions may change the result. The rates announced in policy statements are not, by themselves, a landed-cost calculation.
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The relevant measures changed during 2026. The table separates the framework announced by the White House from the customs guidance that CBP issued for entry filing, and distinguishes both from a former surcharge.
| Measure | Rate or treatment | Timing and qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Reciprocal-tariff framework | 18% for listed originating Indian goods | The White House’s February 6, 2026 joint statement described this rate for specified sectors. It also described potential reciprocal-tariff removal for certain goods, conditional on successful conclusion of the Interim Agreement. |
| Separate Section 301 measure | 10% for India-origin goods, subject to exemptions | CBP’s July 2026 entry instructions made the measure effective July 24, 2026. The India provision uses HTSUS heading 9903.05.44 and identifies exemption headings. |
| Russia-oil-related additional duty | Former additional 25% duty; terminated | The White House ended this duty for Indian products entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse on or after February 7, 2026. Any refund depends on applicable law and CBP procedures. |
Do not assume that the reciprocal and Section 301 figures can simply be added together, or that either applies to every Indian product. The applicable tariff provisions, exclusions, and implementation rules determine treatment. A U.S. importer or customs broker must check the actual HTSUS lines and entry-date rules for the shipment.
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Which Indian products and sectors may be affected?
Sectors named in the White House framework
The February 2026 joint statement identified textile and apparel, leather and footwear, plastic and rubber, organic chemicals, home décor, artisanal products, and certain machinery as examples of originating Indian goods covered by the stated reciprocal-rate framework. It also described potential reciprocal-tariff removal for a range that included generic pharmaceuticals, gems and diamonds, and aircraft parts. That potential treatment was expressly tied to successful conclusion of the Interim Agreement; it should not be treated as unconditional relief for every product in those broad categories.
The statement also addressed removal of certain Section 232 tariffs on Indian aircraft and aircraft parts, a preferential tariff-rate quota for automotive parts, and negotiated outcomes for generic pharmaceuticals contingent on findings in the U.S. Section 232 investigation. These are distinct policy provisions, not a blanket exemption for an entire sector. Confirm whether a provision is implemented for the precise HTSUS line and shipment in question.
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CBP exemptions are tied to tariff provisions
CBP’s separate Section 301 guidance lists general exemptions covering certain civil aircraft and related parts, articles for pharmaceutical applications, certain aluminum, steel and copper goods, vehicle and vehicle-part categories, wood products, semiconductor articles, qualifying humanitarian donations, and informational materials. The scope is defined by HTSUS provisions. A business should not infer that all pharmaceuticals, metals, vehicles, or other commercial goods are exempt merely because a related category appears in CBP’s guidance.
How to check the tariff on a shipment
A reliable estimate starts with the product and entry, not a country-level headline. Work through these checks with the U.S. importer or its customs broker:
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- Establish the product’s origin. Determine country of origin under the applicable rules. Exporting from India, shipping through India, or routing goods through another country does not by itself settle origin.
- Confirm the full HTSUS classification. Use the actual product specifications and classification, not a broad description such as “textiles” or “machinery.” The importer or broker should confirm the classification used for entry.
- Check the schedule for the expected entry date. Review the current USITC HTSUS revision and relevant Chapter 99 provisions, including the India Section 301 provision and its exceptions. The USITC archive listed Revision 20, dated September 28, 2026, as the latest revision available at the time of this article; check for a newer revision or implementing notice before relying on it.
- Verify exclusions, preferences, and quotas. Check whether the exact tariff line qualifies for a general exemption, a product-specific exclusion, a tariff-rate quota, or other treatment. Distinguish a measure already implemented in customs instructions from a preference that remains conditional in an agreement framework.
- Request a full duty calculation. Ask the U.S. importer or broker to account for ordinary Column 1 duties and each additional measure that applies. Do not calculate the result by mechanically adding announced rates: scope, exemptions, and other provisions can change the treatment.
- Keep the basis for the estimate. Record the classification, origin support, assumed entry date, and tariff-schedule revision used in the quote. Recheck if the shipment date or applicable rules change.
Without a product, HTSUS code, origin facts, transaction value, and expected entry date, no responsible source can determine a particular exporter’s combined duty or landed cost.
How Indian exporters can respond
Build shipment-level duty assumptions into pricing
Cost each product or SKU using the U.S. buyer’s verified classification and entry assumptions. In the sales contract, clarify who bears a change in duties between order placement and customs entry, and how a revised landed cost affects the price. A country-level headline rate is not a dependable substitute for this work.
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Coordinate with the party filing the U.S. entry
CBP’s operational instructions are directed to importers, brokers, and filers. An Indian exporter should ask the U.S. buyer or its broker to document the tariff classification, origin treatment, and any claimed exemption before offering a duty-inclusive price. If the product’s specifications or manufacturing process change, revisit the classification and origin analysis.
Maintain records that support origin and classification
Keep product specifications, bills of materials, supplier records, and manufacturing documentation in a form that can support the declarations made for U.S. entry. These records help the importer assess the applicable rules and substantiate a claimed treatment. Rerouting goods or making superficial processing changes is not a lawful substitute for satisfying origin requirements.
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Review commercial exposure and alternatives
Use verified landed-cost estimates to identify products, customers, or U.S. sales that may no longer be commercially viable. Options include negotiating prices or order terms, adjusting product mix, seeking other buyers, and developing non-U.S. destination markets. Diversification can reduce commercial concentration; it does not itself exempt a shipment from U.S. duties.
Track policy changes and shipment timing
Tariff schedules and implementation notices can change. Have the importer or broker check the applicable provisions against the expected entry date, especially if a quote, production schedule, or shipment is delayed. Revisit the calculation when the entry date moves across an effective date or a newer schedule or instruction appears.
Check Indian exporter-support programs directly
In a December 2025 parliamentary response, India’s government described RBI trade-relief measures, an exporter credit-guarantee scheme, export-promotion support, bilateral trade-agreement engagement, and efforts to pursue new and existing free-trade agreements. That response records the government’s stated strategy; it does not establish current eligibility, available funding, or application deadlines for a particular business. Exporters should confirm current terms with the responsible agency before relying on a program.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What the historical export-impact figure does—and does not—show
India’s Ministry of Commerce and Industry estimated in an August 19, 2025 Lok Sabha answer that USD 48.2 billion of India’s merchandise exports to the United States, measured using 2024 trade value, was subject to the additional tariffs described at that time. This is a historical exposure estimate for the 2025 measures, not a current estimate after the 2026 changes. The cited official materials do not provide a comparable aggregate estimate of Indian export value affected by the 2026 measures, so the 2025 figure should not be extrapolated to represent current exposure.
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