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THE FINANCEBASE List yours

Guide

How to Compare an Annuity Quote With the Pension Income You Gave Up

By TheFinanceBase Team 11 min read

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Compare an annuity with the defined benefit (DB) pension you surrendered on an equivalent-benefits basis, not by looking at the first annual income in each document. Match the retirement date, payment timing, increases, dependant’s pension, guarantee period and charges. Then compare what happens if investments perform poorly, you live longer than expected or you die early.

This guidance is UK-specific and is aimed mainly at former final-salary or other DB scheme members who transferred to a defined contribution (DC) arrangement. A higher starting annuity income can still represent less protection if it is level rather than increasing, single-life rather than joint-life, or has no guaranteed payment period.

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What changed when you transferred a DB pension?

A DB pension promises an income for life under the scheme’s rules. It will usually increase each year, although the increase formula can differ between parts of the benefit. It may also pay an income to a spouse, civil partner, dependant or other beneficiary after your death, and some schemes include a guaranteed payment period.

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When you transfer, the scheme normally pays a transfer value into a DC arrangement. You give up the scheme’s promised benefits in exchange for an invested pot. The pot’s value can rise or fall, charges are deducted, and you or an adviser must decide how to invest and withdraw money. Unless you use the pot to buy a guaranteed lifetime income, the chosen income is not guaranteed and the money could run out.

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The FCA and The Pensions Regulator state: “The FCA and The Pensions Regulator (TPR) believe it’s in most people’s best interests to keep their DB pension.” This is a general statement from the FCA’s Advice checker: defined benefit pension transfers guidance, last updated 24 April 2025, not a personal recommendation about your case.

Transfers cannot be reversed. The FCA identifies loss of guaranteed lifetime income, inflation protection and dependant benefits as key risks, and warns that a transfer can result in less retirement income or money running out.

Step 1: Reconstruct the pension income you gave up

Use the scheme statement, retirement quotation, transfer analysis and any redress paperwork. Do not rely on a remembered figure or the transfer value alone. Write down the benefit as it would have applied at the retirement date you are comparing.

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Record the retirement date and payment status

  • State the age and date when the DB pension would have started.
  • Identify whether the pension was already in payment when you transferred or was a future benefit.
  • Record the date to which each quoted amount applies. A deferred pension quotation and an income already in payment are not interchangeable.
  • Note the payment frequency and whether payments were made at the beginning or end of each period.

Separate different parts of the benefit

Many schemes contain sections with different increase rules. For example, benefits built up in different periods may have different statutory or scheme-specific escalation. Record each section separately rather than applying one assumed inflation rate to the whole pension.

Capture benefits paid after death

  • Record the spouse, civil-partner or dependant’s pension percentage and who qualifies.
  • Check whether the survivor’s pension is based on the full pension, a proportion of it, or a particular service period.
  • Find the guaranteed payment period and the person who would receive payments if you died during it.
  • Check whether survivor payments overlap with the guaranteed period or begin only after it ends.

The FCA Handbook’s technical valuation factors specifically require consideration of spouse benefits, payment timing and frequency, annual increases, the remaining guarantee period and the interaction between survivor payments and the guarantee.

Note any lump-sum choice

Record whether the DB quotation included a pension commencement lump sum or another option that reduced the annual pension. Compare like-for-like: an annuity bought with a particular amount of cash should not be judged against a DB option that assumed a different lump-sum decision.

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Step 2: Read the annuity quote line by line

An annuity quote is a price for a specified set of benefits on a particular date. It is not a generic rate that remains valid indefinitely. Record the quote date, expiry date and the provider’s assumptions, then verify the current terms directly before making a purchase.

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Quote item What to record Why it matters
Purchase price The amount of the DC pot used, including any amount paid to an adviser or deducted as a charge The same annual income can require a different price when options or market conditions change.
Starting annual income Gross income, commencement date and whether the figure is guaranteed A first-year amount is not comparable with an increasing pension unless future increases are shown.
Escalation Level income, a fixed annual increase or an inflation-linked basis; record the rate or index and any cap Escalation determines how purchasing power changes over retirement.
Life structure Single-life or joint-life, plus the survivor percentage and eligibility Single-life income may be higher because it provides no continuing income to a survivor.
Guarantee period Length of the guaranteed payment period and beneficiary rules Payments after an early death depend on the guarantee terms and may interact with survivor benefits.
Payment timing Monthly, quarterly or annual payments, and in advance or arrears Timing changes the value of payments even when the annual total looks identical.
Charges and commission Adviser charges, commission or other deductions shown on the quote Charges reduce the amount available for the annuity or the income you receive.

FCA annuity-comparison rules require information including cost, annual income, the guarantee period where applicable, and adviser charges or commission. Keep the complete quotation, not just a headline rate.

Step 3: Align the two income streams before comparing amounts

Use the same start date

Compare the DB income at the date it would have started with an annuity beginning on that date. If one figure starts earlier, show the separate period rather than treating the two annual amounts as simultaneous. A quote for immediate income cannot be compared directly with a deferred pension without explaining the deferral.

Match payment frequency and timing

Convert neither figure silently. A monthly annuity paid in advance and a pension paid quarterly in arrears have different cash-flow timing. Put the frequency and timing beside each annual figure so the reader can see whether the apparent difference is simply when money arrives.

Match increases, not just the first payment

Compare a level annuity with the DB pension’s actual increase provisions over time. If the DB pension increased annually and the annuity stayed level, the annuity’s first-year advantage may narrow or disappear as prices and the DB income rise. If the annuity has a fixed increase or an inflation-linked increase, record the exact basis, rate and any cap; do not describe it broadly as “inflation-proof” without checking the wording.

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Match survivor protection

Compare single-life with single-life and joint-life with joint-life. If the DB pension included a spouse’s pension, show the annuity’s survivor percentage and the date on which it would start. A higher single-life quote is not equivalent to a lower joint-life quote that continues income to a spouse.

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Check guarantee-period interaction

Read what happens if death occurs during the guarantee period. Some arrangements pay the balance of guaranteed instalments to a beneficiary; others combine or coordinate that payment with a survivor’s pension. The FCA’s technical factors require this overlap to be considered. Do not add the two benefits together unless the contract explicitly allows both.

State every mismatch

If no annuity option exactly reproduces the DB terms, write down the mismatch and the protection it represents. For example, a quote may match the starting income but omit increases, or match increases but provide no dependant’s pension. There is no universal conversion factor that turns one mismatch into a personal “break-even age.”

A side-by-side comparison worksheet

Comparison dimension DB benefit surrendered Annuity quote Question to resolve
Start date and age Scheme retirement date and age Quote commencement date and age Are both incomes being measured from the same date?
Initial income Annual amount at the chosen date Annual amount for the stated purchase price Are both amounts expressed on the same payment basis?
Annual increases Increase formula for each pension section Level, fixed increase or index-linked terms How will each income change over time?
Survivor income Percentage, recipient and start conditions Single-life or joint-life and survivor percentage What income would the survivor receive?
Guarantee Scheme guarantee period and beneficiary rules Annuity guarantee period and beneficiary rules Do survivor and guarantee payments overlap?
Payment pattern Frequency and in-advance or in-arrears timing Frequency and timing stated in the quote Does cash flow arrive on comparable dates?
Costs Scheme costs reflected in the DB promise Purchase price, adviser charges and commission What is deducted before income begins?
Risk bearer Scheme bears investment and longevity risk within its rules Provider bears annuity-payment risk; any unannuitised pot remains exposed to investment and withdrawal risk Who bears the risk if returns, inflation or longevity differ from assumptions?

Put guarantees, costs and risks beside the income

A meaningful comparison has two columns: the cash paid each year and the protections surrounding that cash. The DB side normally includes lifetime payment security and scheme-defined increases. The transferred side may include an annuity guarantee, but any money left invested remains exposed to market movements, charges and decisions about withdrawals.

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  • Investment risk: the DC pot can fall, including when withdrawals are being made.
  • Longevity risk: income drawn from a pot may not last as long as you do. A lifetime annuity transfers this risk to the annuity provider; drawdown does not.
  • Inflation risk: a level annuity loses purchasing power as prices rise, while a DB pension with increases may retain more spending power.
  • Charges: fund, platform, advice and transaction charges reduce the pot or income. Record them in the comparison rather than treating the quoted income as cost-free.
  • Management responsibility: after a transfer, someone must select investments, review withdrawals and respond to changing circumstances.

The sources establish these risks and comparison factors but do not prescribe one weighting for every person. Someone with essential spending that cannot be reduced may place more value on guaranteed increases; someone with substantial other secure income may assess flexibility differently. That is a suitability question, not a feature that can be settled by the quote alone.

What the FCA Transfer Value Comparator tells you

For pension-transfer advice, FCA rules require appropriate pension-transfer analysis and a prescribed Transfer Value Comparator (TVC). The TVC compares the transfer value offered with an estimate of the current cost of buying an annuity that replicates the future income benefits being given up in a DC environment.

The TVC is an adviser-analysis tool. It is not a retail annuity quote, a promise that a provider will sell the replacement income at that price, or proof that transferring is suitable. Its result depends on assumptions about future benefits, retirement timing, investment returns, inflation, mortality and annuity pricing.

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The FCA’s redress methodology, described in Defined benefit pension transfers redress calculations (last updated 20 March 2023), separately explains that calculations estimate the future DB income, the cost of an annuity providing similar guaranteed income at retirement, and that annuity cost in today’s money. A redress figure is personal. The FCA says people should not compare their offer with another person’s because circumstances and economic assumptions differ.

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When regulated advice is required in the UK

FCA consumer guidance says regulated financial advice is legally required before transferring a DB scheme worth more than £30,000. This threshold is UK-specific and concerns the DB transfer advice rules; it should not be applied automatically to other countries, pension types or products.

Ask the adviser to explain:

  • why giving up a guaranteed income is being considered;
  • how much essential spending would be covered by other secure income;
  • how much the retirement lifestyle could change if investments performed poorly;
  • the effect of charges, withdrawals and inflation on the transferred pot;
  • the survivor and guarantee benefits being surrendered;
  • which assumptions drive the TVC and any recommendation.

Keep the advice report, TVC, scheme illustrations and annuity quotes together. If the recommendation depends on a particular annuity option, ensure the option’s escalation, survivor and guarantee terms are written down rather than described verbally.

How to compare several annuity quotes

Only compare quotes when the purchase price and benefit structure are aligned. Rank them across the same six axes:

  1. Initial annual income: compare the amount at the same commencement date and payment timing.
  2. Escalation: identify level, fixed-rate or index-linked increases and any cap.
  3. Joint-life protection: record the survivor percentage and eligibility conditions.
  4. Guarantee period: record its length and what is payable on death during it.
  5. Payment schedule: compare monthly, quarterly or annual payments and whether they are in advance or arrears.
  6. Charges and commission: show every deduction included in the quote or advice process.

A quote that pays more initially may provide less long-term protection. A quote with stronger increases or survivor benefits may start lower because it covers more risks. Compare the structures first, then the income.

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Common comparison mistakes and how to correct them

Comparing only the headline annual figure

Correction: place the increase rule, survivor terms and guarantee beside the income before judging value.

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Calling a level annuity inflation-linked

Correction: use the contract’s exact escalation wording, including any fixed rate, index, cap or absence of increases.

Ignoring the spouse’s pension

Correction: compare joint-life terms and show the survivor income separately from the member’s starting income.

Adding guarantee and survivor payments together automatically

Correction: read the beneficiary and overlap provisions. The two benefits may interact rather than stack.

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Treating the TVC as a recommendation

Correction: treat it as a value comparison under assumptions and read the suitability analysis separately.

Using someone else’s transfer or redress figure

Correction: use only your own scheme data, dates, benefits and economic assumptions. The FCA explicitly warns against comparing one person’s calculation with another’s.

Using an expired quote

Correction: check the quote date and expiry, then obtain current terms before committing money.

A final document checklist

  1. Obtain the DB scheme statement, benefit breakdown and transfer paperwork.
  2. Write down the retirement date, payment timing, annual increases and each benefit section.
  3. Record spouse, civil-partner or dependant benefits and guarantee-period rules.
  4. Record any lump-sum choice assumed by the DB quotation.
  5. Save the annuity quote date, price, income, escalation, life structure, survivor percentage, guarantee and charges.
  6. Align the start date and payment pattern.
  7. Mark every unmatched feature and explain the protection it represents.
  8. Read the TVC assumptions and the adviser’s suitability analysis separately.
  9. For a UK DB scheme above £30,000, obtain the legally required regulated advice before transferring.

Official guidance used for the comparison

  • FCA, Advice checker: defined benefit pension transfers, last updated 24 April 2025.
  • FCA, Considering a defined benefit pension transfer, last updated 24 April 2025.
  • FCA, Pension transfer advice: what to expect.
  • FCA, PS18/6, Advising on Pension Transfers.
  • FCA Handbook, DISP App 4.5, technical annuity valuation factors, provisions effective 1 April 2023.
  • FCA Handbook, COBS 19.9, pension annuity comparison information, provisions dated 26 November 2021.
  • FCA, Defined benefit pension transfers redress calculations, last updated 20 March 2023.

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