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The important distinction is not just mathematical. A consumer-facing price should show the minimum amount the customer must pay, while a business-to-business quote may use an ex-GST basis in the circumstances allowed by the ACCC. In either case, label the tax basis clearly and include unavoidable charges before deciding which offer is cheaper.
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What “GST-inclusive” and “GST-exclusive” mean
A GST-inclusive price already contains the 10% goods and services tax charged on a taxable supply. It is normally the amount a consumer must pay when completing a purchase.
A GST-exclusive, or ex-GST, price is the supplier’s amount before GST is added. The eventual amount paid is higher if the supply is taxable and the seller must charge 10% GST. “Plus GST” and “excluding GST” usually signal that the advertised figure is not the final amount.
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The calculations in this article apply to taxable sales under the standard 10% GST assumption used by the Australian Government’s MoneySmart GST calculator, last updated 18 June 2026. GST-free and input-taxed supplies follow different treatment, so the arithmetic alone cannot determine whether GST should be charged.
Tax labels can also appear in different places: a headline quote may say “$500 + GST”, a checkout may show “$550 inc GST”, and an invoice may list the taxable subtotal, GST and total separately. Read the whole quote, including footnotes and terms, before comparing numbers.
The two formulas you need
| Starting price | Calculation | Result | What it tells you |
|---|---|---|---|
| GST-exclusive | Exclusive price × 1.1 | GST-inclusive price | Adds 10% GST |
| GST-inclusive | Inclusive price ÷ 11 | GST component | Finds the GST already embedded in the total |
| GST-inclusive | Inclusive price − (inclusive price ÷ 11) | Exclusive price | Removes the GST component |
For example, A$100 ex GST multiplied by 1.1 is A$110 inclusive. Dividing A$110 by 11 gives A$10 GST, leaving A$100 before GST. The division-by-11 method works because GST is one-eleventh of a total that is 110% of the pre-GST amount.
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This is why adding 10% to an inclusive total is not the reverse operation. GST is 10% of the pre-GST price, but only 10/110, or 1/11, of the inclusive total. On an inclusive total of A$220, the GST is A$20, not A$22.
For quick mental checks, an ex-GST amount of A$1,000 becomes A$1,100, and an inclusive amount of A$1,100 contains A$100 before GST and A$100 GST. For amounts with cents, calculate precisely and round monetary results to cents in the way shown on the supplier’s invoice.
How to compare two quotes without mixing tax bases
Use the following sequence whenever one supplier quotes an inclusive amount and another quotes an exclusive amount.
- Read the tax label. Look for “including GST”, “GST inclusive”, “plus GST”, or “excluding GST”. If no label appears, ask the seller to state the treatment in writing.
- Put both quotes on the same basis. Multiply each taxable ex-GST figure by 1.1, or extract the GST from each inclusive figure by dividing by 11. For a consumer cash comparison, converting everything to an inclusive total is usually clearest.
- Add unavoidable charges. Include delivery, booking, service, administration, or other charges that are unavoidable or pre-selected for the buyer. Their own GST treatment should be confirmed rather than assumed.
- Check what the quote covers. Compare the same quantity, term, service level, delivery location and included work. GST conversion cannot make two materially different packages equivalent.
- Compare the cash total. For a consumer purchase, the relevant number is the minimum total payable before the transaction is completed.
- Assess business credit separately. If the buyer is GST-registered, check whether the purchase is an eligible business expense and whether the required documentation is held. A possible GST credit is not an automatic reduction for every buyer or every supply.
- Resolve ambiguity before paying. Ask the supplier to provide the total payable and, where appropriate, a tax invoice showing the GST treatment.
Do not compare a supplier’s subtotal with another supplier’s total. First create a like-for-like total, then compare fees and what is included. A quote that appears cheaper before GST may be identical after conversion, or more expensive once mandatory charges are added.
Worked examples
| Quoted amount | Calculation | Comparable figures |
|---|---|---|
| A$100 excluding GST | A$100 × 1.1 | A$110 total, including A$10 GST |
| A$275 excluding GST | A$275 × 1.1 | A$302.50 total, including A$27.50 GST |
| A$55 including GST | A$55 ÷ 11 | A$5 GST and A$50 before GST |
| A$110 including GST | A$110 ÷ 11 | A$10 GST and A$100 before GST |
| A$999 including GST | A$999 ÷ 11 | About A$90.82 GST and about A$908.18 before GST, rounded to cents |
| A$1,250 excluding GST | A$1,250 × 1.1 | A$1,375 total, including A$125 GST |
| A$1,375 including GST | A$1,375 ÷ 11 | A$125 GST and A$1,250 before GST |
Suppose one contractor quotes A$800 including GST and another quotes A$760 plus GST. The second quote converts to A$836, so the apparently lower ex-GST headline is actually A$36 more in cash terms. If the first quote has a mandatory A$40 travel fee, the totals become A$840 and A$836, making the second offer cheaper by A$4, assuming both fees and tax treatments are confirmed.
Rounding can produce a one-cent difference when a calculation creates fractions of a cent. Keep the supplier’s stated invoice total as the amount payable and use the formula to understand the tax split. Do not alter the invoice total merely to force your own calculation to match a rounded display.
Which price should a consumer compare?
Compare the amount that must actually be paid, not the lowest number printed in an advertisement. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) states on its Price displays guidance: “Businesses must display a total price that includes taxes, duties and all unavoidable or pre-selected extra fees.”
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That total-price rule means a consumer-facing display should not present an ex-GST base price as though it were the final cost. If an unavoidable charge is part of the transaction, it belongs in the minimum total as well as the tax.
For example, an advertised service may show a base amount and a mandatory administration charge. The meaningful comparison is the complete minimum amount payable, with GST handled consistently for both suppliers. Optional extras can be considered separately, but a charge that is unavoidable or already selected should not be left out of the displayed total.
When a price is shown online, check the amount at the first point where the offer is presented and again at checkout. A later screen may reveal delivery or service fees. If a charge is compulsory, include it in your comparison rather than treating the headline price as the real cost.
The ACCC’s Pricing guidance also says: “Businesses must communicate clear and accurate prices prior to purchase.” If a price is unclear, request a written statement of the total before authorising payment.
When a business-only display can show an ex-GST amount
The ACCC’s Price displays guidance identifies a specific exception: where prices are displayed exclusively to other businesses, GST does not have to be included in the displayed total. This is a context-specific rule for business-only displays. It should not be used to justify showing an ex-GST amount to consumers or to assume that every business document can omit the tax treatment.
A supplier selling to both businesses and consumers should make the applicable audience and GST basis unmistakable. A buyer who cannot tell whether GST is included should ask for the total payable rather than infer it from the headline price.
A business-only catalogue may therefore list “A$2,000 + GST”, while a consumer advertisement for the same taxable service should communicate the minimum total including GST and compulsory fees. The difference is the audience and display context, not a different GST rate.
Business buyers: separate cash outlay from GST-credit treatment
A GST-registered business generally may claim a GST credit for GST included in an eligible business purchase. The business.gov.au guidance makes the qualification important: eligibility and documentation matter, so not every purchase is automatically creditable.
| Question | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| What leaves the bank account? | The supplier’s total invoice amount, including GST and applicable charges. |
| Is the buyer GST-registered? | Registration is a prerequisite for the ordinary GST-credit treatment described by government guidance. |
| Is the purchase eligible and business-related? | A GST-bearing amount is not automatically creditable in every circumstance. |
| Is the GST supported by the right invoice or records? | Documentation supports the claim and helps establish the amount of GST charged. |
Do not describe an ex-GST business quote as the business’s final economic cost without checking these conditions. The immediate cash payment is still the inclusive invoice total. Any GST credit is a separate tax treatment that depends on the buyer’s circumstances and the nature of the supply.
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For example, a GST-registered business paying A$550 for a taxable service still pays A$550 to the supplier. If the purchase is eligible and the records support a claim, the business may account for the A$50 GST component separately. That potential credit should not be promised to an unregistered buyer or assumed for a non-creditable expense.
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business.gov.au also states that a GST-registered business must provide a tax invoice to a customer when required. If you are buying for a business, request an invoice that clearly identifies the supplier, the total, and the GST treatment needed for your records.
A practical quote-comparison worksheet
Record each quote in the same four columns before deciding:
| Comparison field | What to record |
|---|---|
| GST basis | Inclusive or exclusive; also note whether the supplier confirms the supply is taxable. |
| Cash total | The amount payable after GST, unavoidable charges, and pre-selected fees are included. |
| Business credit treatment | Whether the buyer is GST-registered and whether the specific purchase appears eligible, subject to invoice and record requirements. |
| Price clarity | Whether the supplier states the total and GST treatment clearly before purchase. |
Suppose Supplier A quotes A$1,100 including GST and Supplier B quotes A$1,000 plus GST. Converting Supplier B gives A$1,100, so the tax bases are equal before any other charges. If Supplier A has a mandatory A$30 fee and Supplier B does not, the cash comparison changes to A$1,130 versus A$1,100, assuming the fee is part of the amount payable and the suppliers’ tax treatment is confirmed.
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For a business worksheet, add a separate note for the expected GST component and the evidence held. That keeps the purchasing decision based on cash while allowing the accounting treatment to be reviewed later.
What to do when a quote is unclear
- Ask: “Is this amount inclusive of GST?”
- Ask: “What is the minimum total I will pay, including unavoidable fees?”
- Ask whether delivery, booking, administration and service charges are compulsory, optional or already selected.
- Request the answer on the quote, order confirmation, or invoice rather than relying on a verbal assumption.
- For a business purchase, ask for the appropriate tax invoice and retain it with the transaction record.
- If an advertisement makes the low figure look like the final price but adds GST or unavoidable charges later, raise the discrepancy before purchasing.
Clear documentation protects both sides: it lets a consumer compare offers and gives a business the information needed to assess any GST-credit claim. Save the original quote if the displayed amount changes during checkout.
Common mistakes and their fixes
Comparing an ex-GST quote with an inclusive checkout price
Mistake: Treating A$1,000 plus GST as cheaper than A$1,050 including GST because the first headline number is smaller.
Fix: Convert A$1,000 to A$1,100 before comparing. The A$1,050 inclusive offer is lower by A$50 before any other charges.
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Mistake: Adding 10% to A$110 and calling A$121 the pre-GST amount.
Fix: Divide the inclusive amount by 11 to find the GST component, then subtract it. A$110 contains A$10 GST and A$100 before GST.
Assuming every supply carries 10% GST
Mistake: Applying the standard formula to a GST-free or input-taxed supply without checking its classification.
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Fix: Confirm the supply’s treatment with Australian Taxation Office (ATO) guidance or a qualified adviser. The MoneySmart calculator’s assumptions do not decide the treatment of a particular product, mixed supply, import, or buyer.
Ignoring mandatory charges
Mistake: Comparing only the advertised base price while leaving out unavoidable delivery, booking, or administration charges.
Fix: Include unavoidable or pre-selected fees in the minimum total for a consumer-facing comparison, as required by the ACCC guidance.
Treating a possible GST credit as an instant discount
Mistake: Subtracting the GST from a business budget automatically, even when the buyer is not registered, the expense is not eligible, or documentation is missing.
Fix: Budget for the full cash payment and assess any credit separately against the business’s actual circumstances.
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Mistake: Believing that a quote addressed to a company has no GST simply because it is for business use.
Fix: Check whether the figure is inclusive or exclusive and whether the supply is taxable. Business use and GST treatment are separate questions.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Cases that need more than simple multiplication
GST-free or input-taxed items
The 1.1 and divide-by-11 formulas describe a taxable supply where 10% GST is in the price. A GST-free or input-taxed supply may have no GST charged, or may have different credit consequences. Do not infer the classification solely from the number on a quote.
Mixed supplies
A single order can contain components with different GST treatments. If the invoice combines taxable and non-taxable components, use the supplier’s itemised amounts and check the treatment of each component rather than applying one rate to the whole order.
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Imports and unusual transaction structures can involve rules that are not resolved by the basic consumer-price calculation. The cited government guidance establishes the general arithmetic and high-level credit context, not the treatment of every import or special arrangement. Check current ATO material or professional advice for those cases.
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Discounts and credits shown on an invoice
If a supplier applies a discount before calculating GST, use the discounted taxable amount as the starting figure. If the invoice shows a credit, refund or adjustment, rely on the revised invoice totals rather than recalculating the original quote in isolation. The supplier’s itemised document should show how the adjustment affects GST.
How to build a reliable buying process
- Capture the original wording. Save the quote or screenshot showing whether the amount is inclusive or exclusive.
- Normalise the tax basis. Convert all taxable quotes to an inclusive total when comparing consumer cash prices.
- List compulsory extras. Add every unavoidable or pre-selected fee identified before checkout.
- Check the buyer’s status. For business purchases, record whether the entity is GST-registered and whether the expense is expected to be eligible.
- Obtain the invoice. Keep the supplier’s tax invoice or other required documentation with the purchase record.
- Reconcile the final amount. Compare the invoice total with the quote and ask about any unexplained GST or fee change.
- Escalate uncertainty. Ask the supplier for a clear total and GST statement; consult ATO guidance or a tax professional when the supply is unusual.
This workflow prevents the most expensive comparison error: choosing an apparently lower ex-GST number that becomes higher after tax and compulsory charges are included. It also creates a clear record of why a business selected one quote over another.
The rule of thumb
For an ordinary taxable Australian sale, convert ex-GST prices with price × 1.1 and extract GST from inclusive prices with total ÷ 11. Consumers should choose based on the clear minimum total payable. GST-registered businesses should start with that same cash total, then separately verify whether an eligible GST credit can be claimed and whether the invoice supports it.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I calculate GST on an exclusive price?
Multiply the taxable ex-GST price by 1.1. An A$100 price becomes A$110, including A$10 GST.
How do I remove GST from an inclusive price?
Divide the inclusive total by 11 to find the GST component, then subtract that amount. A$550 inclusive contains A$50 GST and A$500 before GST.
Is GST 10% of the inclusive total?
No. GST is 10% of the pre-GST amount and one-eleventh of a 10%-inclusive total. Divide an inclusive amount by 11 to extract GST.
Should consumers compare inclusive or exclusive prices?
Compare the minimum total payable, including GST and unavoidable or pre-selected fees. An ex-GST headline amount is not a fair cash comparison with an inclusive checkout total.
Can a business display prices excluding GST?
The ACCC identifies an exception for prices displayed exclusively to other businesses. The exception is specific to that display context and does not justify showing ex-GST consumer prices as final totals.
Can my business automatically claim back the GST?
No. A GST-registered business may generally claim a credit for GST in an eligible business purchase, but eligibility and supporting documentation must be checked for the particular transaction.
What should I do if a quote does not say whether GST is included?
Ask the supplier to state the GST basis and the minimum total payable, including unavoidable fees, in writing before you commit.
Does the 1.1 formula apply to every product or service?
No. It applies to taxable supplies where 10% GST is charged. GST-free, input-taxed, mixed, import and other special transactions may require separate ATO guidance or professional advice.
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Repair common Windows errors and clear accumulated junk for a smoother, more stable PC - no reinstall needed.Free scan · no reinstallThe Bottom Line
Bottom line: Convert a taxable ex-GST amount with × 1.1; extract GST from an inclusive amount with ÷ 11. Compare the complete cash total, including unavoidable fees. If buying through a GST-registered business, treat any GST credit as a separate, evidence-based tax question—not an automatic discount.
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Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
