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Homeostasis has raised at least $600,000 in private funding to develop a system that converts captured carbon dioxide into synthetic graphite. The Tacoma-area startup also received a $700,000 Washington State Climate Commitment Act grant and later secured an undisclosed strategic investment from LAB7, the venture-building arm of Saudi Aramco.
The technology could address two separate problems: industrial CO₂ emissions and a graphite supply chain heavily concentrated in China. But Homeostasis is still developing prototypes and pilot-scale systems. Its current materials do not establish that the process is already commercial, battery-qualified, carbon-negative, or equivalent to direct-air carbon removal.
Homeostasis’ funding timeline
The financing was announced in stages rather than as one single round:
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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute| Date | Development | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $700,000 Washington State Climate Commitment Act grant | Non-dilutive public funding, not venture investment |
| March 17, 2025 | $600,000 pre-seed round | Investment from the Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community, Kayak Ventures and angel investors |
| December 30, 2025 | Strategic investment and partnership with LAB7 | Investment amount was not disclosed |
| March 2026 | Prototype and scale-up plans | A target of about 1 kilogram of graphite per day, followed by a larger pilot |
The original pre-seed announcement was reported by GeekWire. The state grant should not be described as equity financing, and LAB7’s undisclosed investment should not be assigned an estimated dollar value.
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Homeostasis was founded in 2022 by CEO Makoto Eyre and chief science officer Julien Lombardi. Its engineering, fabrication and testing work is based in the Tacoma area, with additional graphite research and characterization in New York. The company has also worked with the University of Washington Clean Energy Testbeds, according to The News Tribune.
How the CO₂-to-graphite process works
Homeostasis’ technology uses a high-temperature electrochemical process known as molten-salt electrolysis. The system, referred to by The News Tribune as the Lombardi Reactor, is designed to work roughly as follows:
- CO₂ is obtained from a captured industrial emissions stream.
- The gas is introduced into a high-temperature molten-salt electrolyte.
- Electricity drives an electrochemical reaction.
- Oxygen is separated from the carbon.
- Carbon deposits on an electrode in crystalline form as graphite.
LAB7 describes the intended output as high-purity, anode-grade synthetic graphite, with oxygen produced as a byproduct. That description represents the company’s development objective; producing crystalline carbon is not by itself proof that the material meets battery manufacturers’ requirements.
This is not automatically direct-air capture
One of the most important distinctions is the source of the CO₂. Earlier coverage described Homeostasis as developing aqueous mineralization technology for capturing CO₂ from the air. Later company and partner descriptions emphasize CO₂ from industrial waste streams, including chemical plants, refineries and manufacturing operations.
That makes the current commercialization story primarily one of industrial point-source capture and carbon utilization:
- Point-source capture removes CO₂ from a concentrated industrial exhaust or process stream.
- Direct-air capture extracts comparatively dilute CO₂ from ambient air.
- Carbon utilization uses captured CO₂ as a feedstock for another product.
Homeostasis may eventually pursue more than one type of feedstock, but the later materials do not establish that its current system is a proven direct-air-capture machine.
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Why turn CO₂ into graphite?
Graphite is the principal anode material used in many lithium-ion batteries, including batteries for electric vehicles, laptops, drones and grid-storage systems. It is also used in steelmaking, nuclear applications, coatings, construction materials and defense-related products.
The supply-chain argument is distinct from the climate argument. Battery demand is growing with electrification, while graphite mining and processing are heavily concentrated in China. GeekWire reported that China produces more than 90% of the world’s battery-grade graphite. The European Investment Bank has separately described Europe’s dependence on Chinese graphite imports as approximately 95%. Those figures are not interchangeable: they refer to different geographies, definitions and potentially different points in the supply chain.
Homeostasis is therefore pursuing two potential outcomes:
- A domestic or distributed source of synthetic graphite for battery and industrial customers.
- A use for captured CO₂ that could avoid releasing some of that gas into the atmosphere.
A stronger non-Chinese graphite supply may improve strategic resilience even if the climate benefit is ultimately modest. Conversely, a process could have climate value while remaining too expensive or inconsistent to solve a major supply-chain problem. Those claims need to be evaluated separately.
Where the company is in development
Homeostasis had a prototype by March 2025 and was seeking customers for pilot deployments later that year or in early 2026. A March 2026 update described a prototype targeting approximately 1 kilogram of graphite per day.
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The company has also discussed:
- A pilot plant producing tens of tons annually within two years.
- A modular system in a 40-foot shipping container producing up to 100 tons per year.
- Deploying systems at automakers or energy companies that already have carbon-capture infrastructure.
These are development targets, not demonstrated commercial output. A kilogram-per-day prototype is materially different from a facility producing thousands or millions of tons annually. Before battery customers could rely on the product, Homeostasis would need to demonstrate sustained operation, consistent yield, predictable quality, competitive cost and compliance with customer specifications.
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What customers could buy
Homeostasis’ stated initial business model is to sell conversion systems to industrial customers. Possible customers include:
- Refineries and chemical plants with concentrated CO₂ streams.
- Steel and other heavy-industry facilities.
- Energy companies with existing carbon-capture equipment.
- Battery-material manufacturers.
- Automakers seeking alternatives to Chinese graphite supply.
- Industrial-materials companies that use graphite or other carbon products.
This is an industrial infrastructure sale, not a consumer product. A customer may need carbon capture, compression, purification, transport, reactor equipment, electricity, maintenance and graphite finishing before the system can produce a saleable material.
Homeostasis has also expressed a longer-term ambition to operate its own facilities. That model could give the company more control over production and product qualification, but it would require substantially more capital than selling reactor systems.
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Converting CO₂ into graphite does not automatically make the process carbon-negative or establish permanent atmospheric carbon removal. The answer depends on several variables:
- CO₂ source: fossil industrial emissions, biogenic emissions and atmospheric CO₂ have different climate implications.
- Electricity: electrochemical conversion can have a much weaker climate benefit if powered by high-emissions electricity.
- Upstream capture: the energy, equipment and chemicals needed to capture, compress and purify CO₂ must be counted.
- Product durability: carbon stored in a durable product may remain out of the atmosphere for a long time, but the duration depends on how that product is used, recycled or discarded.
- Byproducts: oxygen may have value, but its production does not by itself offset the system’s total emissions.
The reviewed company materials do not provide a complete, independently verified life-cycle assessment for Homeostasis’ process. Claims such as “carbon removal,” “permanent storage” or “carbon-negative” should therefore be treated as objectives or attributed claims rather than settled conclusions.
Battery-grade graphite is a separate technical hurdle
Making graphite is only the first step. Battery-anode customers typically care about purity, particle size and shape, coating, electrochemical performance, cycle life, consistency and behavior across large production batches.
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Homeostasis and LAB7 describe the intended product as battery or anode grade, but the available material does not document independent customer qualification or commercial-scale production. The company must show that its graphite can perform as a dependable alternative to existing natural and synthetic graphite products, not merely that its reactor can produce carbon crystals.
Homeostasis’ closest comparison: UP Catalyst
Homeostasis is not alone in pursuing CO₂-derived graphite. Estonia-based UP Catalyst is developing a related molten-salt carbon-capture and electrochemical-transformation process called MSCC-ET. Its CO2carB project is intended to produce graphite and multi-walled carbon nanotubes from captured industrial CO₂.
UP Catalyst says the project received €2.49 million from Enterprise Estonia for a third-generation reactor project running from 2025 to 2026. The European Investment Bank has also reported an €18 million venture-debt facility supporting a plant project with an expected total cost of €46.43 million. UP Catalyst has described the challenge as progressing from laboratory-scale grams to hundreds of kilograms per day.
Other low-carbon graphite pathways use different feedstocks. Molten Industries is developing solid carbon by cracking methane into hydrogen and carbon using renewable electricity. Nordic Bio-Graphite is developing graphite from renewable carbon sources. These approaches may compete in the broader market for low-carbon graphite, but they do not use the same feedstock or chemistry as Homeostasis’ CO₂-conversion system.
The questions that will determine whether it works commercially
Investors, industrial customers and climate buyers will need answers to five groups of questions:
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1. Feedstock
Can the reactor use the impurities found in real industrial gas streams, or does it require expensive purification? Is the CO₂ already concentrated, or must the customer install a separate capture system?
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- IMPROVED PERFORMANCE: Dry graphite lubricant can help you lubricate locks, pinewood cars,bicycle chains, door hinges, bearings, fishing rod reels, etc., reducing friction, increasing speed, and lubricating use
- EASY TO COLOR: Graphite powder is very suitable for artists' painting, resin casting and other creations, with excellent light sense, easy to color large areas, make creations more vivid and achieve the desired effect
- MULTI-PURPOSE: Graphite powder is high temperature resistant and can be used to make crucibles, it is also a good conductor of electricity and can be applied to conductive coatings
- COMPLETE ACCESSORIES: Graphite powder lubricant equipped with syringe dispenser bottle, gloves, small spoon, convenient for your multiple use needs
2. Energy
How much electricity and heat are required per ton of graphite? What is the energy source? Is the oxygen produced in a usable form? These figures will determine both cost and climate performance.
3. Product quality
Does the output meet battery-anode specifications? How much additional purification, shaping or coating is required? Can the material serve as a drop-in replacement, or would battery manufacturers need to redesign their processes?
4. Economics
The business case could combine graphite revenue, avoided CO₂ disposal costs, grants, tax incentives and possible carbon-related revenue. Against that, customers must pay for capture, compression, electricity, reactor equipment, maintenance, purification and financing.
5. Scale and reliability
Can the reactor operate continuously? Can multiple modules produce consistent material? Will a 100-ton-per-year container be economical to deploy, and how many units would be required to make a meaningful contribution to battery demand?
What the funding means—and what it does not
The funding gives Homeostasis resources to move from laboratory development toward prototypes, pilots and industrial partnerships. LAB7’s involvement may provide strategic expertise and access to energy-industry applications, but the undisclosed investment amount does not support any conclusion about the company’s valuation, runway or commercial readiness.
The $700,000 state grant and $600,000 pre-seed round are meaningful early-stage support for a capital-intensive startup, but they are not evidence that the technology has reached profitable scale. The decisive milestones remain continuous operation, verified graphite quality, full-system economics and transparent climate accounting.
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